230 Comparative Philology [| April, 
is derived the noun anéha, sorrow, identical with the Greek 
ania, sorrow. Hebrew, argamdan, purple; in Sanskrit, ragaman, 
tinged with a red colour. The Hebrew word for earth is eretz ; the 
Chaldee and Syriac, ar’ah and av’o; Sanskrit, dhara. Pelevi arta, 
whence terra; Gothic, airtha; German, Hrde. It must not be 
forgotten that, according to the recognized laws of language, letters 
of the same organ are frequently interchanged for each other, as 
b, p and f, for instance, as well as dentals for sibilants, &c., other-— 
wise, the analogies of words will not be so easily recognized. Thus, 
in Hebrew, barad means to scatter, as barad, hail, and as an 
adjective it means sprinkled with spots. Syriac, barduno, a 
leopard; Greek, pardos; and Latin, pardus. Before I proceed 
farther, I may say that I shall adduce no words in illustration but 
those found in the oldest Hebrew writings, which I am enabled to 
do by consulting Fuerst’s admirable Hebrew Concordance and the 
Lexicon of Gesenius, one of the ablest Semitic scholars the world 
ever saw, and whose works will never cease to be of authority in 
Hebrew criticism. To proceed, Hebrew, baar, like the Arab. bar, 
means to dig; and in Latin is found forare; and in English, to 
bore. Hebrew, bar, corn; Arabic, bor, wheat; Latin, far, whence 
farina. Hebrew, parah, to be fruitful, and porah, fruitiul ; Persian, 
bar, fruit. Compare also German frucht and English fruit. Hebrew, 
shen,a tooth; Arabic, sinn. With these agree the Sanskrit danta ; 
Latin, dens; and Gothic, tunthus; Fris. tan. The Arabic jins, 
genus, has its equivalent in Greek genos; Sanskrit, jatz, from yan, 
to be born; Gothic, kuni; Latin, genus; Hebrew, dootz, contracted 
from dantz, to dance or leap; German, tanz; English, dance. 
Again, Hebrew, dér and Arabic, dar, to go round and in a aircle, 
also to remain, delay, may be compared with Greek déros ; Latin, 
durus, durare; and German, dauern. Hebrew, dachak, to 
repel, drive away, finds its equivalent in the Greek dzdko. 
Hebrew and Aiab‘e, hamar, to flow in a rapid stream, agreeing 
with Greek, ombros; Latin, imber. Hebrew, za@’am (Arabic, ya’am, 
to foam at the mouth as a camel), to speak angrily, and as a noun, 
foam; German, schawm, schaumen ; English, scum, and to skim. 
Hebrew, yadda’, like the Greek eedon, oida, to see; hence to 
perceive, know. “This root,” as Gesenius observes, “is very 
widely extended in the Indo-Germanic languages, in the significa- 
tion both of seeing and knowing, as Sanskrit. wd, budh; Zend, 
weedem ; Greek, eidéd, idd, oida, daed; Latin, video ; Gothic, vitan ; 
German, weten, wissen; and also in the Slavonic tongues.”’—Lew. 
in loco. Hebrew, kad; Sanskrit, ghada; Slavonic, kad; Latin, 
cadus; Greek, kados, a jar or vessel for wine or water. Hebrew, 
kavah, to burn; Greek, kaid; Old Attic, kad; Sanskrit. cush, 
Hebrew, koor, to dig, bore through, and Arabic, kawr, a digging in 
the earth; Sanskrit, /’huwr, to cleave, dig, and, as a Hebrew noun, 
eS a 
