266 Chronicles of Science. [ April, 
may be separated by sulphuretted hydrogen. The full details of 
this process will be found in the place indicated below.* 
On organic chemistry an immense number of papers, for the 
most part of a theoretical character, have been published. Our 
space allows us only to mention a few of a practical and generaliy 
interesting nature. We must, however, first advert to one most 
important discovery, which illustrates the practical aim of the studies 
of our most advanced chemists. It is the production of Phenose, 
a body possessing all the chemical characteristics of sugar, by 
Carius, from benzole. The steps by which this wonderful trans- 
formation was effected could only be made intelligible by a long 
description, and we must content ourselves with the bare mention 
of the fact, referring the reader interested to the original paper. 
A useful test for discriminating between glucose and cane 
sugar has been discovered by Nicklés, who finds that the latter 
when heated with bichloride of carbon in a sealed tube becomes 
black, while the former (glucose) remains of its original colour. 
Another test for glucose is given by Braun,{ who heats the 
glucose with some solution of caustic soda, then adds a few drops of 
a solution of picric acid, and boils. A solution containing much 
glucose now changes to a deep blood-red colour, weaker solutions 
showing lighter shades of red. Cane sugar does not produce the 
same effect. The above test is recommended to physicians for 
detecting sugar in urine. 
A new process for the production of an aniline black has been 
devised by M. Paraf, which however is open to the objections stated 
below. ‘The process is said by the imventor to produce a black 
without the intervention of a metallic salt, and is as follows :— 
Hydrochlorate of aniline is dissolved in a solution of hydrofluo- 
silicic acid, and chlorate of potassium is either added to the mixture, 
or the mixture properly thickened is printed on cloth prepared with 
chlorate of potassium. Upon heating the printed cloth to 90° or 
95° F., a beautiful black colour is said to be produced. M. Lauth, 
however, states § that the black colour is caused by copper derived 
either from the vessel in which the mixture is prepared, or the 
roller with which it is prmted. He states that when the solutions 
are prepared in porcelain or glass vessels, and the mixture printed 
by hand with a wooden block, only a dull grey colour is obtained. 
M. Berthelot continues his important researches on acetylene, 
showing now its invariable production when hydrocarbons and 
hydrocarbonated bodies are submitted to incomplete combustion. || 
The experiment may easily be made in a test-tube with marsh gas 
* «Comptes Rendus, for Jan. 15, 1866. 
+ ‘Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, December, 1865. 
t ‘Zeitsch. fiir Analyt. Chemie,’ vol. iv., p. 187. 
§ ‘Bulletin de la Société Chimique,’ Feb., 1866. 
|| ‘Comptes Kendus,’ vol. lxii., p. 94. 
