1866. | and its National Danger. 319 
and pupil teachers, two relieving officers, two undertakers, a pawn- 
broker, a furniture broker, and a burial-club collector) were probably 
brought by business directly into the infected room, or became pos- 
sessed of the infected bed, bedding, and clothes of the sick. Among 
the professions were two doctors. The families of tradesmen seem 
also to have suffered, in proportion to the risks incurred, from infec- 
tion ; for next to publicans, the most numerous victims were the rela- 
tives of provision dealers.” 
In addition to the clear and business-like account of the state of 
disease and the ravages of death in 1865 (for it is a mockery to 
call it a “ Report of the Health of Liverpool”) the medical officer 
has appended diagrams exhibiting the comparative mortality for the 
last three years, of that which occurs at the various periods of life, 
and much other valuable information deserving the notice of those 
interested in the health of large towns. But unfortunately we are 
not permitted to stop here, and to say that in the year 1865 such 
was the state of sanitary affairs in Liverpool. 
For the week ending March 17, 1866, about two months before 
the outbreak or importation of cholera into the borough, the follow- 
ing were the rates of mortality in the various large towns of Great 
Britain :-— 
Neweastle . é : : . . . 26 per 1,000 
London, Salford, and Birmingham ED x 
Dublin ; 2 5 © 4 ° soil Ae 
Hull . ‘ = : i ° 3 ood a 
Glasgow . 7 P E - ‘ ooo e 
Sheffield . 5 é . . 5 sod - 
Edinburgh and Leeds . . ° 6 Sy ate . 
Manchester : F p wo a 
Bristol 5 : . - - : « 40 43 
Liverpool . ‘ ‘ : 3 , ST Dill ae 
Now we think we shall have carried our readers with us to the 
conclusion, that Liverpool, the greatest artery of emigration, and 
the port into which substances are largely imported which are the 
best calculated to convey the germs of disease (rags picked up in 
the streets of the large towns of Egypt and other Eastern countries, 
and cotton and wool from all parts of the world), is in the state 
best fitted to receive, fertilize, and disseminate those germs; and it 
remains for us to inquire in what manner the local authorities of 
that important borough acquit themselves of the duty they owe to 
its inhabitants and to the nation. 
The guardians of the public health in Liverpool are, or should 
be, the Town Council, and more immediately the Health Committee 
of that council, a body consisting of a number of well-meaning, 
kind-hearted gentlemen, who would, if they knew how, bring about 
a better state of things than now exists in the borough. The 
health officers are Dr. Trench the medical officer, Mr. Newlands 
the borough engineer, and until lately, Mr. McGowen, the deputy 
