338 On the Habits and Condition [July, 
problems concerning the human race that have arisen since 1852 
having so much as seen them. Had indeed the Paleolithic savage 
been in the habit of burying his dead in caves, we should not 
be seeking in vain for perfect human crania unequivocally of that 
early date up to the present time; some trace of such interment 
would surely have been found in the numerous caves explored in 
France, Germany, and Britain. While therefore it is clear that 
Aurignac was used for a place of sepulture at some time or other, 
the inference drawn by the eminent French Zoologist, M. Lartet, 
and endorsed by the great authority of Sir Charles Lyell,* that it 
was so used at a time when the great extinct mammalia dwelt in 
France, does not legitimately flow from the facts adduced. We are 
therefore still in ignorance of the mode in which the savages of those 
days disposed of their dead and as to their belief in a future state. 
Thus scant is our knowledge of the earliest known men, the 
Flint Folk par ewcellence, a race that is as truly fossil and extinct 
as the Mammoth and woolly Rhinoceros with whom they lived.f 
To M. Lartet and the late Mr. Christy we owe the proof of the 
existence of a second race of men in the South of France, in the 
Department of Dordogne, in the valleys through which flow the 
Vezere, the Dordogne, and‘their tributaries. They dwelt in caves 
and under sheltering rocks, and accumulated around their dwellings 
the remains of the animals they ate, and vast quantities of the 
implements and weapons they used. In all the caves and rock- 
shelters except one, the remains of the Reindeer were most abun- 
dant, and evidently constituted the chief food of these savages of the 
Dordogne, who may therefore be conveniently termed Reindeer 
Folk, in contradistinction to the Flint Folk described above. The 
presence of the Mammoth and Cave-lion (the remains of which were 
few) in the refuse-heaps, proves that the age of the Reindeer Folk 
was that of the great extinct Pachydermata, while the occurrence 
of the Musk-sheep and Reindeer, animals confined to the cold 
regions of the North, indicates the arctic nature of the climate at 
that time in France. The implements are of a higher order and 
denote a higher degree of civilization than those of the Flint Folk. 
The lance-heads, however, from the cave of Moustier are of 
a different fashion to the rest, and approximate, as M. Lartet 
observes, to those found at Amiens and Abbeville, and possibly belong 
to the same age as these latter. This is rendered more probable by 
the exact agreement of some of those from Moustier with the 
figure of one from Wookey Hole delineated above (Figs. 1-4. p. 336).4 
A list of the implements and weapons comprises lance-heads, 
arrow-heads, scrapers, flakes, and awls of flint; hollowed stones 
* ¢ Antiquity of Man,’ p. 181. First edit., 1863. 
t ‘Revue Archéologique,’ 1864. 
In 1864 I had the good fortune to find an implement agreeing exactly with 
the two mentioned above, on the surface of a gravel-bed near Faversham. It is 
now in the collection of Mr, John Evans, F.R.S. 
