1866. | of the Two earliest known Races of Men. 341 
found together. Possibly the Reindeer Folk may have dwelt 
in one area at the same time that the Flint Folk inhabited another ; 
but there is no evidence of their living in the same district at the 
same time. The more varied forms and the higher finish of the 
weapons and implements of the Reindeer Folk, as compared with 
those of the Flint Folk, make it highly probable that the former 
were not only the more civilized, but also the more modern of the 
two Paleolithic races. 
The question who were the Reindeer Folk may be answered 
with some approximation to the truth by a comparison of their 
implements and their habits with those of savage tribes living 
under the same or similar circumstances. A comparison of the 
scraper of the Reindeer Folk [Pl. 1, Fig. 9] of M. Lartet’s essay 
in the ‘ Revue Archéologique’ with that of the Esquimaux figured 
by Sir John Lubbock [‘ Pre-historic Times,’ Figs. 76-78] shows 
that there is but little difference between the two. The barbed 
bone |‘ Quarterly Journal of Science, Plate, Fig. 3] and the bone 
needle [ Fig. 5| agree remarkably with those in use by the Esqui- 
maux of Igloolik at the time Captains Parry and Lyon visited 
Melville Peninsula in 1821 | Figs. 4 and 6]. The marrow-spoons 
of both these peoples are remarkably alike, and the habit of carving 
various animals is common to both, and of splitting the bones for 
the sake of the marrow. The method also of the accumulation of 
the bones of the animals, and the occurrence of human remains in 
the refuse-heaps of the Reindeer Folk, is explaied by the state of 
an Esquimaux camp in the Island of Igloolik. “ In every direction 
around the huts were lying innumerable bones of walrusses and 
seals, together with skulls of dogs, bears, and foxes, on many of 
which a part of the putrid flesh still remaining sent forth the most 
offensive effluvia. We were not a little surprised to find also a 
number of human skulls lymg about among the rest within a few 
yards of the huts, and were somewhat inclined to be out of humour 
with our new friends, who not only treated the matter with the 
utmost indifference, but on observing that we were inclined to add 
some of them to our collections, went eagerly about to look for 
them, and tumbled, perhaps, the craniums of some of their own 
relations into our bag without delicacy or remorse.”* <A careless- 
ness of the dead similar to this would account satisfactorily for the 
human remains of the Reindeer Folk being found along with 
relics of the feast at La Madelaine and Les Eyzies. The small 
handles, again, of the implements found in Dordogne would prove 
that the Reindeer Folk were a small race. They were ignorant of 
pottery, and slaughtered the Reindeer and Musk-sheep for food. 
In fine, the cumulative evidence as to their race points towards the 
Esquimaux, who live under somewhat similar conditions in a very 
similar manner. There is nothing inherently improbable in this 
* ©Parry’s Second Voyage, p. 280. 4to. 
