342 On the Habits and Condition [July, 
view that would extend the former range of the Esquimanux as far 
South as the Alps and Pyrenees, nor in the fact of their retreat so 
far North along with the Arctic Fauna. The hostility of invading 
tribes armed with better weapons would account for the latter, 
without any climatal reason being called in. In North America 
the dread of the Red Indian keeps a broad belt of country utterly 
uninhabited by them at the present day.t 
Whether or not the Reindeer Folk kept herds of tame Reindeer, 
like the Lapps and Finns of Northern Scandinavia, is altogether 
an open question. The eminent French Palsontologist inclines to 
the belief that they did not, and his belief is shared by Mr. Christy, 
with whom he explored the refuse-heaps. 
The following list of the implements and weapons of the two 
races of the Paleolithic age shows at a glance the immeasurable 
superiority of the Reindeer Folk over the Flint Folk :— 
Flint Folk of | Reindeer 
Panmourruic IMPLEMENTS AND WEAPONS, France, Eng- "Walia 
land, and Dordogne. 
Belgium. ; 
Rude massive Spear-heads of Flint 
Small Lance-heads . 5 : 
Sling-stones of Flint and Chert. 
Leaf-shaped Flint Spear-heads . . ; 
Flint and Chert Arrow-heads, without barbs 
Flint Flakes . - - : : 4 
Flint Awls - - 
Flint Scrapers . : > ° . ° = . 
Bone Arrow-heads, without barbs ; é © 
Bone Arrow-heads, with barbs . 
Barbed Spear-heads of Antler 
Bone Needles r : 
Bone Ornaments 
Bone Spoons or Scoops 
Stone Mortars (?) . : c : = : ‘ 
Outlines of Animals on Stone, Antler, Bone, and Ivory. 
Figures of Animals cut out of Antler ° . 
HERR RE HRE RR HHH x «| 
They had discarded the use of the rude massive “ spear-heads” 
and the small leaf-shaped lance-heads of the latter ; had added barbs 
to their hunting-arrows and spears, and had learned that bone, 
antler, or ivory were materials better adapted for the supplying of 
many of their needs than the harder and less tractable flint. The 
valuable work now being published in parts by M. Lartet and the 
representatives of the late Mr. Christy, will most largely supple- 
ment the list of the implements of the Reindeer Folk given above, 
and will increase our estimate of their civilization. The marvellous 
remains from Dordogne, in the collection of the latter, read by the 
light of the museum that he had spent years in forming, of imple- 
ments and weapons of savages from all parts of the world, and 
¢ See ‘ Franklin’s Journey to the Polar Sea, 1819-22, 1825-27.’ 
