1866.] Geology and Palxontology. 419 
In the April number, Captain Hutton gives an interesting sketch 
of the geology of Malta, and Professor Rupert Jones adds some 
notes on the fossils from each of the strata described. The Rev. P. 
B. Brodie contributes a paper “On a Deposit of Phosphatic 
Nodules in the Lower Greensand at Sandy, Bedfordshire.” Mr. 
Mackintosh supplements his paper, “The Sea versus Rain and 
Frost,” by one entitled “The Sea against Rivers ; or, the Origin of 
Valleys.” Mr. Wyatt Edgell describes a new Lichas from the 
Llandilo Flags; and Professor Church gives a note on Chinese 
figure-stones. We should have been tempted to discuss Mr. 
Mackintosh’s paper had it not been ably met by a paper in the May 
number from the pen of a very eminent geologist, Mr. Poulett 
Scrope, M.P. The author’s arguments are chiefly drawn from the 
Auvergne district, and he conclusively shows how great has been 
the influence of “ Rain and Rivers” in scooping out valleys in that 
district. He also adds that they have done their work “ wherever 
land lay exposed to their influence above the protecting surface of 
the great waters.” But Mr. Scrope is not a red-hot partisan, as 
will be seen by his concluding sentence: ‘The object of this paper 
is simply to suggest that the two denuding agencies have been 
always at work upon the surface of the earth, and that there is 
ample reason to consider the one to have produced effects quite as 
considerable as the other.” 
Professor Owen gives, in the same number, a description of a new 
Mammal (Stylodon pusillus) “nearly allied to Spalacotherium 
tricuspidens (Ow.), and from the same formation and locality, viz. 
the Marly bed, Upper Oolite, Purbeck, Dorsetshire.” The locality 
and horizon appear to be rather indefinite, and would scarcely be 
understood but for the reference to Spalacotherium. Mr. H. M. 
Jenkins notes the occurrence of T'rigonia Lamarckit (a recent 
species) in the Tertiary deposits of Victoria, which he considers of 
importance because of its bringing the Oolitic and recent types of 
the genus into such close proximity. Mr. H. Woodward records 
the occurrence of Ceratiocaris in the Wenlock Limestone, and Mr. 
T. M‘Kenny Hughes adds a “Note on the Silurian rocks of 
Oasterton Low Fell, Kirkby Lonsdale, Westmoreland,” one of the 
localities which yielded the specimens of Ceratiocaris described by 
Mr. Woodward. There is also a paper “On the Junction of the 
Chalk with the Tertiary beds in East Kent ;” but, like many of its 
associates, we must pass it by without further notice. 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL Society. 
A very bulky number of the Society's journal contains this 
quarter a very insignificant instalment of the Society's proceedings, 
more than half of it being taken up with the Annual Report and the 
