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1866. | Geology and Palxontology. 585 
The object of the memoir is to elucidate these phenomena as 
far as they apply to North Wales, and as such it is a very welcome 
and useful addition to our knowledge of British Geology. 
The literature of Hozoon continues to increase with great 
rapidity, and in this Chronicle we shall have to notice three 
important contributions thereto. The first of these is ‘On the 
Occurrence of Hozoon in the Primary Rocks (Urgebirge) of 
Eastern Bavaria,* by Dr. Giimbel, and its importance consists, 
not so much in its being the record of the occurrence of Hozoon 
in the Laurentian gneiss of Bavaria, as in its containing the 
description of a new form of that fossil (to use a negative term), 
which is considered by the author to constitute a new species, and 
for which he proposes the name Kozoon Bavaricum. This new 
species occurs at a much higher horizon than the original Hozoon 
Canadense, as will be seen by the following table of the Bavarian 
deposits, given in descending order :— 
1. Hereynian Clay-slate with Hozoon Bavaricwm . Cambrian? or Huronian ? 
2, cercynian Mica-schist... 00. 6°. 1. 3) Upper Laurentian. 
3. Hercynian gneiss, with Hozoon Canadense . . 
2 Lower Laurentian. 
SSO CIOMOISA see imerell fos erect) ati (econ et) se) oly } 
Now, if the characters of Hozoon Bavaricum are really constant, 
and of specific value, the fact of there being known two recognizably 
distinct species of the genus addg enormously to the chances of 
both forms being of organic origin, the more so as the structural 
differences are associated with an immense difference in age. 
Moreover, Dr. Carpenter, in a postscript to a paper which we 
shall presently notice under the head of “ Proceedings of the 
Geological Society,” has recognized the similarity of the charac- 
teristic structures of the Bavarian Hozoon to those of the Eozoon 
of Connemara, which occurs in a still newer rock, namely, Lower 
Silurian. We may therefore quote an editorial note appended to 
an abstract of Dr. Giimbel’s paper in the ‘Quarterly Journal of the 
Geological Society, t which is as follows :—“ This observation is of 
considerable interest when viewed in connection with the relative 
geological age of certain Eozoonal rocks, more especially the pro- 
bable Cambrian date of Hozoon Bavaricum, the Lower Silurian 
position of the Connemara serpentine, and the Laurentian age of 
Hozoon Canadense.” At the same time it does not appear that 
Dr. Carpenter has expressed any opinion as to the specific distinct- 
ness of Hozoon Bavaricwm from Eozoon Canadense. 
The characters which are more especially relied on as distinctive 
are (1) the much smaller size of the individual structures in the 
* Sitzungsberichte der Kénigl. Akad. der Wissenschaften in Miinchen, 1866, 
I. Heft 1. 
+ No. 87. Part 2; Miscellaneous, p. 24. 
