1866. | Geology and Paleontology. 589 
Denudation, which are useful contributions as records of facts ; their 
titles are: (1) “Ancient Sea-margins in the Counties Clare and 
Galway,” by Mr. G. H. Kinahan; and (2) “On Watersheds,” by 
Mr. G. Maw. 
The ‘Atheneum’ records the discovery, by the Rev. W. Fox, 
of a Wealden Dinosaur of a new type, “its backbone bemg 
hollow, smooth, and compact, like a reed.” It has been named 
Calamospondylus Oweni by its discoverer. 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SocrEty. 
The very suggestive number of the ‘Quarterly Journal’ which 
we have this quarter to notice contains so many papers, on such a 
variety of subjects, that we must group those on kindred matters of 
general interest, and unwillingly pass over the rest. 
The first two papers relate to Hozoon, so they may be naturally 
discussed together. The first of them, by Messrs. King and Rowney, 
is an endeavour to prove that the ‘“ Hozoonal” structures are the 
result of inorganic agencies ; and the second, by Dr. Carpenter, is a 
supplement to his former papers on the Structure of Eozoon (in the 
same and other journals), viewed as an organic fossil. 
In noticing the papers by Sir Wm. Logan, Drs. Dawson, Car- 
penter, and Sterry Hunt,* we made our readers acquainted with 
the chief features in the structures characteristic of Hozoon; we 
shall therefore consider them already understood, in a general way. 
Of these structures Dr. Carpenter relies chiefly upon the “ asbesti- 
form layer” or “proper wall” of the chambers, as especially 
demonstrating the organic nature of the fossil. According to him 
this is a calcareous band nearly surrounding the chambers, and 
perforated, during the life of the animal, by numberless tubules 
forming the passages for the pseudopodia. In its present mineral 
condition these tubules are seen to be filled with a siliceous mineral, 
while the calcareous matrix remains unaltered. The structure 
is thus preserved, and is described by Dr. Carpenter as exactly 
corresponding with that observed in the chamber-walls of recent 
Nummulites. 
Messrs. King and Rowney, however, interpret this structure 
quite differently. They say that these “ chamber-walls” are merely 
layers of Chrysotile—a finely fibrous variety of Serpentine,—and 
they advance several facts in support of their view, of which we 
must be content to mention a few. They assert, for instance, that 
the “asbestiform ” character of this layer is not constant, that it is 
sometimes uniformly and finely fibrous, but often composed of 
bundles of alternately coarse and fine fibres, while specimens occur 
* «Quarterly Journal of Science,’ No. 6, April, 1865: — of i ae 
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