302 H. M. WOODCOCK. 



to be the same as Laveran's form in Syrnium aluco. In this species, 

 moreover, the authors would include both Dutton and Todd's Seiiegambian 

 Trvpanosome and Hanna's Indian one, although keeping the very similar 

 type T. paddae distinct. Cultures produced two forms of the parasites, 

 wide spindle-like ones and thin spirochsetiform ones with very short 

 flagellum.' The hosts from which this parasite was obtained were : 

 Agelaius phceniceus, Colaptus auratus, Cyanocitta cristata, 

 Icterus galbula, Melospiza fasciata, Merula migratoria, 

 Passer domesticus, Sialia sialis, and Zenaidura macroura. 



T. mesnili, Novy and McNeal, 1905. Length 50/^; breadth 8 ft. 

 Considered to be distinct by reason of its large size and peculiar shape and 

 behaviour in cultures. The latter grow very rapidly, and show two types 

 of cells : small ones (multiplication rosettes) very short and wide (10 — 

 12 /^ by 6 jk) : and larger ones (20 — 25 /* X 4 — 6 n) corresponding to the 

 spirochaetiform type above, with, however, a very long flagellum. It is 

 the latter parasites which form the typical agglomeration rosettes. This 

 Trypanosome was obtained from Buteo lineatus. 



T. laverani, Novy and McNeal, 1905. In size this parasite agrees with 

 the smaller variety' of T. avium, being only a trifle wider. Its specific 

 distinction is based on cultural forms, which grow very slowly, and do not 

 give rise to such markedly diverse types as in the above cases. Host : 

 Spinus tristis. 



A form from Cyanocitta cristata and Scolephagus carolinus 

 is regarded as distinct, and others from Dryobates crilosus, Harpo- 

 rhynchus rufus and Troglodytis sedon gave rise to various sub- 

 types and si rains, which might or might not be distinct. 



It only remains to add that Trypanosomes have also been observed in 

 other Avian hosts, but, for the most part, their occurrence only is men- 

 tioned. Thus, Sergent, E. and E. (102), have noticed the parasites in various 

 Algerian birds, e. g. goldfinch (Fringilla (Carduelis) carduelis), linnet 

 (Sylvia atricapilla), and swallows. Donovan informs Laveran and 

 Mesnil (56) that he has seen Trypanosomes in the blood of an owl (Athene 

 brama) in Madras; and the same worker has also observed them in 

 Milvus gov in da (Indian Kite), the parasites being 34! M X 3 — 3^* H-, free 

 flagellum 16 /t (see Thiroux [114]). Lastly, Ziemann - has found a Try- 

 panosome in a chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs). 



* These forms strongly recall T. johnstoni; although Novy and McNeal 

 think that parasite, again, is distinct. 



" ' Ucber Malaria und andere Blutparasllen,' Jena, 1898 (p. lUO). 



