Latcham.—ANCIENR CHILIAN SKULLS 207 
eee LN nn 
The mandible is strong and the chin square. There are indi- 
cations that the muscular attachments have been extremely 
powerful. The inclination of the ascending ramus; narrow in 
all the skulls of the series, is about 105°. 
Viewed in norma lateralis one notices a flattening of the roof 
beginning slightly before the bregma and continuing for 60 mm 
along the sagittal suture; on either side of which there is a slight 
concavity. The: squamose suture is almost horizontal, and is 
very low, rising in no part more than 30 mm above the zygoma- 
ta. These latter analso the malars are m: ussive, though not so 
solid as in skulls Band D. The temporal crest is not visible, 
but the post-zygomatic is very prominent. The parietal emin- 
ences are conspicuous, and curiously enough both are seriosly 
damaged. On one side there is a star shaped fracture which ex- 
tends in every direction to the sutures and was possibly the 
cause of death; although it may have been post-mortem. On 
the other side there is a deep indentation; 25 mm in length and 
5 mm in depth, but the bone is not fractured or perforated, and 
may have been caused in youth while the bone was still ina 
plastic condition. 
The skull rests on the occipital condyles, which are full and 
“massive; the mastoids being’ only slightly developed, but tbe 
digastric grooves are wide and deep. 
On the whole this skull is the best developed of the series, the 
face being weak but denoting a degree of intelligence wanting 
in the others. The frontal region is extremely full in the spheno- 
frontal portion, bulging along the whole temporal crest. The 
roof of the skull is flatténed as is also the posterior surface, 
between the parietal eminences rounding off in the occipital 
region. 
Skull B. 
This skull is of a far ruder type than A. with a much smaller 
cranial capacity. (1360 c. c.) It is also more dolicho-cephalic 
and more hypsicephalic. The bones are strong and massive and 
the sutures very simple. 
In norma verticalis it is ovoid in form, phaenozygous in a high 
degree, and markedly prognathous, especially in the subnasal 
region. The pariental eminences are prominent as are also the 
frontal; these latter being fused, which cause the forchead to 
bulge somewhat in the centre. The strongly marked supracilia- 
ry ridges are distinctly discernible from above. 
The greatest breadth is at the parietal protuberances, the skull 
sloping gradually from these points to the mastoids. The sides 
