Latcham.—ANCIENT CRILIAN SKULLS 211 
eee OT 
of the chin, and the relatively narrow apertura pyriformis of the 
nose, and the small size of the mastoids and condyles; all in ac- 
cordance with the cranial characteristics of the Esquimaux. 
The sutures are all well defined, but simple, the bones thick 
and very heavy. 
All the protuberances and foramina are srrongly marked. 
In norma verticalis this skull has the shape of truncated cone 
with a rounded base. It is slightly phaenozygous and highly pro- 
gnathous. 
The parietal eminences are very prominent and the frontal 
protuberances well indicated. As in ©. there is a slight depre- 
ssion at the bregma. 
In norma occipitalis the skull is pentagonal in outline; the root 
being sharply pointed and the sides vertical. The mastoids are 
larger and the digastric grooves shallower than in any of the 
other skulls. The occipital, and the posterior portions of the 
pariental and temporal bones are assymetrical, there being a 
considerable bulging on she left side of the lambda, especially 
in the vicinity of the mastoid. The skull is akrocephalic the 
-breadth-height index being 102.9. 
In norma lateralis the forehad is seen to be full and rather 
high. The elabella and superciliary ridges are insignificant. The 
sagittal curve rises to a point atthe bregma rounding off to the 
lambda; there being faint post-bregmatic concavity. Owing to 
the protrusion of the temporal squamae, and the flattening of 
the zygomata; the temporal fossae are better filled than in any 
other of these skulls; although the sphenoids are deeply grooved. 
Viewed in this norma, three planes present themselves. One 
falling from the sagittal suture to the temporal crest; the second 
from the temporal crest to the zygomata, and the third including 
the lower posterior part of the parietals; behind the line running 
from the meatus wuditoriwm to the parietal eminences; which 
latter are strongly marked. There is also a considerable flatte- 
ning from the obelion to the union. 
In norma facialis the fulness of the maxillaries spoken of in 
the other skulls is still a prominent feature. The face is lepto- 
prosopic and verges on platyopy, with a nasomalar index 
of 108.6. 1 
A point worthy of noteis that in all the male skulls of the 
series the orbital measurements are identical. 
The nasal fossae are of the true pyriform shape, and the index 
places the skull in the mesorhine group. As I have remarked 
