216 REVISTA CHILENA DE HISTORIA NATURAL 
AA 
General Observations. 
It will be as well here to recapitulate the distinctive charac- 
teristic of this series of skulls. These consist of the remarkable 
thickness and weight of the skulls, especially in the malar and _ 
occipital regions; the general flatness of the face; the continuons 
fronto—nasal line; the coincidence of the orbital measurements; 
the great width of the palate and worn condition of the teeth; 
the flattened surfaces of the walls and roof of the skulls; the 
tendency to scaphocephaly; the persistent infra—orbital suture; 
the double supra-orbital notch, and the prominence of the 
canines. 
Their general dimensions place them among the subdolicho— 
cephalic group of races, their cephalic index being just a trifle 
over 76; although one A reaches 79. 2. 
The general type is quite distinct, even to a casual observer, 
from that of any other Chilian race which I have examined, 
including that of the natives of the time of the Spanish conquest. 
In Chilian and Araucanian skulls the greatest transverse 
diameter is, in the great majority of cases, found immediately 
above the squamose edges of the temporals, while the parietal 
protuberances ase rounded and little prominent, With the skulls 
in question on the other hand, the greatest width occurs exactly 
between the parietal prominences, while they narrow away 
considerably towards the temporals. 
The roof of the skull is also far less symmetrical than in the 
Chilian and Araucanian, owing to the flattening of the parietals, 
both above and below the temporal crest, which them a scapho- 
cephalic tendency. 
The prognathism of these skulls is very marked, especially 
sub-nasally. The angle ranges from 71° to 72°, abont that of the 
Esquimanx. 
The frontal is high but narrow, quite distinct from the Arau- 
canian skulls, in which it is broad but depressed. 
The general appearance of the face is one of extreme flatness. 
This is caused principally by the continuity of the fronto—nasal 
line; (there being no notch below the glabella, the nose continuing 
in a line with the forehead); and the fulness of the malars. 
The orbital index is high, and in four of the five skulls under 
study was exactly the same. The nasal index is low, while the 
zygomatic diameter is less than that of any other Indian race 
found in Chile. 
Another peculiarity found in all theskulls is the great palato- 
maxillary diameter the average (external being 66 mm. 
The teeth in all of them are worn down in a most extraordi- 
nary way, not only the molars but even the incisors. In two of 
