YELLOW CARDINAL 51 
tuneful, elegant in form, graceful and buoyant in its 
motions. When approached it utters a series of low 
ticking sounds, and at intervals a peculiar long squeal- 
ing note. The song of the male is very agreeable, 
and curiously resembles that of the Cachila Pipit 
(Anthus correndera). It usually sits on a twig near 
the ground, and at intervals soars up to a height of 
ten or twenty yards, and utters its song while gliding 
slowly downwards with depressed wings and out- 
spread tail. It sings throughout the year ; in bright 
weather its notes are heard all day long, but on cold, 
cloudy, or wet days only after sunset, on going to 
roost. In the warm season they live in pairs, and in 
the autumn unite in flocks of as many as two or three 
hundred individuals, and have a strong undulating 
flight. 
There are five more species of Phrygilus in 
Argentina. 
YELLOW CARDINAL 
Gubernatrix cristatella 
Above light olive-green, the back marked with a few black stripes ; 
four middle tail-feathers black, edged with olive ; all the others bright 
yellow, tipped with olive ; superciliaries and lower part of head bright 
yellow ; crown, crest, and throat velvet black, the black extending to 
the chest; beneath, yellow, washed with olive-green on the breast 
and sides; length 8 inches. Female less brightly coloured ; white on 
the head where the male is yellow; breast grey. 
Tue Yellow Cardinal is one of the most charming 
of the Argentine Finches; a lively graceful bird, 
beautiful in its yellow-and-black dress, with a loud 
