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Length about 23 inches. Tail long and stiff ; under parts 

 whitish in winter, black like the upper parts when in breeding 

 plumage. 



272. White Pelican. Pelecanus onocrotalus Linnseus. 



Pelecanus onocrotalus. Shelley, p. 293. 



Numerous in Lower Egypt, in suitable localities, during 

 both migrations, and many winter on the lakes in Northern 

 Egypt and also in the Faiyum, on Lake Karun, while its 

 migrations extend to Nubia. It is very doubtful if this bird 

 ever breeds in Egypt at the present time, though it may formerly 

 have done so. 



Length 60 inches (Shelley). Adult, primary feathers black, 

 rest of plumage white washed with roseate. Some of the feathers 

 on the neck are yellowish. In breeding plumage the head is 

 crested with long plumes, giving a mop-like appearance, and in 

 the male the forehead is much swollen, as is the bare skin round 

 the eye in both sexes. Bill yellow mottled with blue and salmon 

 pink ; pouch and feet yellow. Immature plumage brown. 

 In the Giza Zoological Gardens captive pelicans often catch and 

 swallow wild shoveller and teal duck. 



Pelecanus minor (Riippell). Shelley (p. 294) and Gurney 

 (p. 238) probably refer to small examples of P. onocrotalus, 

 females of the latter being usually much smaller and often much 

 paler than the males, and they also lack the frontal knob in 

 the breeding season. 



273. Grey Pelican. Pelecanus rufescens Gmelin. 



Not mentioned by Shelley. 



A few stray into Upper Egypt, and one now living in the 

 Giza Zoological Gardens was caught in the Bitter Lakes, Suez 

 Canal, though this example may have been an escape from a 

 passing ship. 



Length about 50 inches. Upper parts grey ; rump washed 

 with rosy pink ; under parts greyish white. In breeding 

 plumage a long mop -like crest is assumed. 



274. Dalmatian Pelican. Pelecanus crispus Bruch. 



Pelecanus crispus. Shelley, p. 293. 



Shelley found this pehcan abundant on the Nile, and in 

 the Faiyum. Gurney found a dead example at Damietta and 



