Aphodius. | LAMELLICORNIA. 19 
tured, antenne and palpi black ; thorax large, rather thickly and finely 
punctured, margined at sides and base; scutellum long and pointed, 
thickly punctured ; elytra depressed, truncate at apex, with fine crenu- 
late striz and very broad thickly and finely punctured interstices; legs 
black, posterior tarsi with the external spur slightly longer than the first 
joint of the tarsi. L. 7-8 mm. 
Male with a distinct tubercle on the centre of the forehead. 
In dung; generally distributed and common throughout the greater part of England 
and Wales, but not so common in the extreme north ; Scotland, not common, Solway, 
Tweed, and Forth districts; Ireland, near Dublin and Waterford, and probably 
common. 
A. subterraneus, L. (Hupleurus subterraneus, Muls.). Oblong, sub- 
parallel, a little narrowed at apex, depressed, shining black ; head finely 
punctured, clypeus rugose, antenne yellowish with club darker, palpi 
reddish-brown ; thorax large, slightly narrowed in front, with very diffuse 
and irregular large coarse punctures ; scutellum large, pointed, thickly and 
rugosely punctured ; elytra with very strong finely crenate striz, those 
near suture being strongly sulcate with the interstices carinate ; legs 
black with tarsi ferruginous. LL. 43-6 mm. 
Male with the central frontal tubercle larger than the other two; * 
thorax with a small fovea in front. 
In dung; not as common as many of the other species, but widely distributed from 
the midland counties southwards; it is less common further north, and has not been 
recorded from Scotland. Ireland, near Belfast. 
A. fossor, L. (Teuchestes fossor, Muls.). One of our largest species ; 
oblong, very convex, shining black; head short sparingly and finely 
punctured, antenne and palpi brown, the former with blackish club ; 
thorax large, convex, with large irregular scattered punctures ; scutellum 
large, obsoletely punctured; elytra with rather weak feebly crenate 
strie, interstices broad, impunctate ; legs black, tarsi reddish-brown. 
L. 8-10 mm. 
Male with the three frontal prominences, especially the central one, 
distinct, and with the thorax plainly foveate in front. 
In dung, &c.; common and generally distributed throughout the greater part of 
England and Wales, but not so commonin the north; Scotland, not common, Solway 
and Dee and probably other districts; Ireland, near Belfast, Armagh, and Dublin, 
and probably common. 
4. hemorrhoidalis, L. (Otophorus hemorrhoidalis, Muls.). A 
small and short convex species, which is at once distinguished from all 
the other smaller species by its very large scute!lum; black, rather 
shining with a more or less distinct red spot at the shoulders of the 
elytra, which are also more or less broadly red behind ; head rather 
thickly and finely punctured, palpi brown, antenne brownish-yellow 
“ In most of the species of the genus there are three more or less distinct tubercles 
on the forehead arranged transversely, the central one being the most pronounced 
especially in the male ; occasionally they are very obsolete, and sometimes quite absent. 
c 2 
