Aphodius. | LAMELLICORNIA. 21 
applied to the whole of the dise as well, as may be seen by examining 
them under a strong power ; the difference, however, is very slight, and 
is much more apparent in some specimens than in others, and cannot 
therefore be always depended upon. 
A. scybalarius, F. Oblong, convex, black, shining, with the 
elytra dirty-yellow, almost always furnished with a narrower or broader 
dark longitudinal band at sides, which is often not sharply defined ; 
head thickly punctured, antenne brownish-yellow with blackish club; 
thorax with large irregular punctures which are usually thicker at base 
and sides, the spaces between them exceedingly finely punctured ; 
scutellum moderate, punctured, smooth at apex; elytra with rather 
strong crenate strie, interstices broad and very finely punctured, almost 
smooth; legs lighter or darker pitchy-brown with tarsi lighter. 
L. 45-7 mm. 
Male with the central frontal tubercle strongly raised, thorax impressed 
in front. 
In dung, haystack and flood refuse, &e.; common and generally distributed 
throughout the greater part of England, but apparently commoner on or near the 
coast than inland; rarer in the north; Scotland, not common, Forth and Moray 
districts ; Ireland, near Dublin, and probably widely distributed. 
A. ater, De G. Short and rather broad, convex, black, or black 
with the elytra of an obscure reddish colour, head and thorax somewhat 
shiny, elytra dull; head rather sparingly punctured, clypeus rugose, 
antenne and palpi pitchy brown, the former with a large club which is 
strongly pubescent and so of a greyish colour ; thorax thickly and strongly 
punctured with an intermixture of smaller punctures, the punctuation 
being very close at the sides; scutellum moderately large; elytra 
with rather fine and finely crenate striz, interstices flat, sparingly and 
finely punctured; legs black with tarsi pitchy or reddish brown, 
L. 33-45 mm. 
Male with the central frontal tubercle raised, the thorax more closely 
punctured on disc than in female, and the metasternum impressed. 
In dung; common and generally distributed throughout the kingdom. 
A. constans, Duft. Oblong, convex, shining black ; head punctured, 
clypeus rugose, antenne dark brown with blackish club ; thorax closely 
punctured, the punctures being of uneven size, with a more or less 
distinct smooth longitudinal line in centre ; scutellum moderate, finely 
and rugosely punctured at base; elytra black or dark pitchy brown 
becoming obscurely lighter towards apex which is reddish-brown, with 
rather fine crenate stria, the interstices being flat, finely punctured, and 
obsoletely wrinkled transversely ; legs black or brown with the tarsi 
reddish-brown. L. 4-5 mm. 
Male with the central frontal tubercle raised, and with a somewhat 
eurved elevated raised line on clypeus. 
