24 LAMELLICORNIA. | Aphodius. 
than the preceding, oblong, rather convex, black with the anterior 
angles of thorax and the elytra red, the latter usually furnished with 
cloudy dark markings; head very thickly punctured, antenne reddish- 
brown with club dark, palpi pitchy ; thorax a little narrower than elytra, 
very thickly and finely punctured, especially at the sides, the punctuation 
consisting of larger and smaller punctures intermingled ; occasionally 
the whole margins as well as the anterior angles are reddish; scutellum 
moderate ; elytra with rather fine, plainly crenate, striz, interstices 
broad, very finely punctured ; legs reddish-brown, with femora darker. 
L, 8-43 mm. 
Male with the three frontal tubercles obsolete, and the metasternum 
impressed ; in the female the forehead is almost smooth, and the elytra 
are a little dilated behind. 
In dung, especially sheep’s dung; rare, but occasionally found in some numbers 
where it occurs; Bewdley Forest (Blatch); Tintwistle and Greenfield, Yorkshire 
(Chappell) ; Northumberland district, rare (Bold) ; Scotland, very local, Clyde, Forth, 
and Tay districts. 
A. putridus, Sturm nec Herbst. (sedulus, Har.), Oblong, almost 
obovate, convex, rather more strongly raised behind, black, shining, 
with the elytra pitchy or reddish with lighter red markings at base, 
shoulders, and before apex; the apex is rather dull; head finely punc- 
tured, palpi reddish-brown; antenne reddish-brown with club some- 
times darker ; thorax slightly rounded at sides and narrowed in front, 
with the anterior angles obscurely reddish, thickly and finely punctured, 
the punctuation consisting of larger and smaller punctures intermingled ; 
elytra with rather fine crenate strize which become deeper towards 
apex, interstices very finely punctured; abdomen brown, reddish at 
apex legs brownish-red; the light-red markings on elytra are conspi- 
cuous in some specimens, but very obscure in others. L. 23-3 mm. 
Male with the frontal tubercles stronger than in female, and the 
metasternum impressed. 
In dung; local and, as a rule, not common; London district, not common, 
Mickleham, Esher, Ashtead, Addington, Tonbridge; Eastbourne; New Forest ; 
Northumberland and Durham district ; Scotland, local, in sheep’s dung, Forth, Tay, 
und Dee districts; Ireland, Newcastle, co. Down (Champion). 
A. nemoralis, Er. Obovate, convex, but somewhat depressed on 
dise, considerably widened behind, black, very shining; head very 
thickly punctured, antenne and palpi reddish-brown, the latter with 
blackish club; thorax rather finely and thickly punctured, much more 
thickly at sides which are almost straight ; scutellum moderate, pune- 
tured at base; elytra often brownish or obscurely brownish-red at 
base with rather fine crenate striae, and with the interstices, especially 
at the sides, plainly punctured; legs black, or reddish-brown with 
femora darker, tarsi ferruginous. L, t-4} mm. 
Male with the frontal tubercles more distinct, the thorax somewhat 
