Longicornia. | LONGICORNIA. 217 
strong wedge-shaped mandibles, antennz extremely short, 4-jointed; upper and 
lower surface of segments usually protected by scuta, and, as a rule, furnished with 
fleshy tubercles which are capable of protrusion and aid locomotion ; legs very short ; 
the Jarvee are usually of a dirty-white colour; they undergo their transformations 
within the trunks of various trees, the eggs being deposited beneath the bark by the 
females, which possess a strong corneous ovipositor that is capable of being con- 
siderably protruded. 
Many of the species have the power of stridulating ; the thorax, 
where it joins the elytra, is fitted over a sort of short neck before 
scutellum ; it is on the sides or front of this that the stridulatory organ 
appears usually to be situated, and the sound is produced by the friction 
of the inner side of the hinder margin of the thorax against this surface. 
I have noticed the sound particularly in Agapanthia lineatocollis ; by 
moving the head up and down, the sound may be produced as loudly in 
dead specimens that are fresh as in living ones; in the Prionina 
certain species produce a sound by rubbing the hind femora against the 
edge of the elytra. A number of species have also the faculty of 
emitting a strong and distinct smell, sometimes agreeable as in Aromia 
moschata, the well-known “ Musk Beetle,” sometimes the reverse as in 
Agapanthia lineatocollis, in which it resembles the smothering smell of 
a candle which has been blown out and. left to smoulder; according to 
Dr. Horn the episterna of the metasternum is variable, and near its 
inner hind angle the duct for the scent gland is situated. 
As might be gathered from what has been before said, the number of 
genera and species found in Europe is very meagre compared with those 
found in tropical countries, the total only amounting to one hundred 
genera pnd about four hundred and seventy species; of these, no less 
than eighty-six species are contained in the single genus Dorcadion, 
which in Europe is confined to the southern countries, and is not 
represented in Britain; of these, twenty-eight genera, represented by 
fifty-eight species, are recorded as British, but some five or six of these 
latter are doubtfully indigenous ; in Scotland only fifteen genera and 
twenty-three species have hitherto been discovered ; it is obvious, there- 
fore, that we possess only a few outlying fragments of this larze and 
important group, and that in dealing with our fauna it is useless to 
discuss the classification of the genera, further than just to mention 
their principal characters. 
The Longicornia may be divided into the three following families :— 
I. Prosternum considerably produced in a blunt process behind 
anterior cox ; thorax margined, with the sides armed with spines 
or teeth ; labrum very small, usually connate with clypeus . . PRIONIDE. 
IJ. Prosternum not or scarcely produced behind anterior coxz ; 
thorax not margined, with the sides sometimes armed with spines 
and teeth, but usually simple in our species; labrum free and 
distinct. 
i, Anterior tibie not grooved on their inner side. . . . . . CERAMBYCID, 
ii, Anterior tibie grooved obliquely on their inner side. . . . Lamupm, 
