296 PHYTOPHAGA, [ Cryptocephalus. 
almost if not quite reach the apex; the base of the antenne and the 
legs are yellow, the posterior femora and more or less of the posterior 
tibize being infuscate. L. 2-25 mm. 
Male with the head, except a central line, yellow, anterior tarsi with 
the first joint strongly dilated. 
Female with the head black, the clypeus and labrum being reddish- 
yellow. 
On willows, and on flowers in damp meadows near woods; according to Manner- 
heim it occurs on Carduus heterophyllus in shady places; very rare in Britain ; taken 
in some small numbers by Dr. Power in Horning Fen, Norfolk. 
C. frontalis, Marsh. This is another of the black species that may 
easily be passed over at first sight as C. labiatus, from which it may be 
known by having the anterior margin of the thorax narrowly yellow, and 
the fact that in the male the whole forehead, and in the female a cordate 
spot on the same, is yellowish or rufo-testaceous; the apex of the 
scutellum, as a rule, and the epipleure of the elytra are also yellow; 
the thorax is smooth, scarcely visibly punctured, and the elytra have the 
rows of punctures distinct almost to apex; legs yellow or reddish-yellow, 
anterior femora dark on their upper side. L. 2-3 mm. 
On birch and willows; rare; recorded by Stephens from the London district and 
Suffolk; Rusper, near Horsham (Gore and Gorham); Stroud, near Gloucester 
( Blateh). 
(C. violaceus, Laich. Of an obscure cceruleo-violaceous colour above, 
under-side black; thorax finely and rather sparingly punctured; scu- 
tellum almost smooth; elytra not very strongly and somewhat rugosely 
punctured, with the apical angles entirely rounded. LL. 4-7 mm. 
There is an old specimen of this species in Dr. Power’s collection, 
labelled “ Cambridge,” and one or two others have been recorded ; it 
must, however, be regarded as doubtfully indigenous, without further 
confirmation. 
(C. vittatus, F., is also represented in several collections, but it appears 
to be most probable that all the specimens originally came from Jersey. 
CYCLICA. 
This is by far the largest of the divisions of the Phytophaga, and con- 
tains a great number of genera and species which are perpetually being 
added to. The following are its chief characteristics :—Head with no 
neck or a very short one; antenne variable, but, as a rule, distinctly 
moniliform; head usually sunk in thorax as far as eyes, rarely free; 
thorax as a rule broader than long, nearly always margined at sides, and 
in the typical genera as broad at base as elytra; in many of the latter 
genera, however (Luperus, Galeruca, Longitarsus, &c.), it is often plainly 
narrower than the elytra; scutellum in the same plane as the elytra ; 
legs as a rule rather short and stout, but in some genera elongate ; 
