Phaedon.]} PHYTOPHAGA. 315 
rows ; some of the members of this group, both in the larval and the perfect 
state, appear to be very destructive to Crucifere, and sometimes do 
damage to mustard crops; the precautions to be observed against them 
are much the same as must be used in the case of the Turnip Fly 
(Haltica nemorum, &c.), which will be discussed further on in this 
work ; in general structure the larve of Phedon, Phrutora, Prasocuris, 
&c., appear to bear a strong analogy to those of Melasoma, although they 
differ somewhat in breadth, convexity, and one or two other minor 
points. 
f--Dhorax with dietmpunctiate’ . 2-2. = a 5°. . PE! TUMIDULUS, Germ. 
II. Thorax with disc distinctly punctured. 
i. Shoulders of elytra very strongly callose; raised line 
between intermediate coxe stronger and quite straight P. arworactm, L. 
(betula, Kiist.) 
ii. Shoulders of elytra moderately callose ; raised line be- 
tween intermediate coxz finer and curved. 
1. Interstices of elytra extremely finely punctured ; 
colour, as a rule, bright blue . Sales Pe. ect) ¢- 
2. Interstices of elytra finely but distinctly punctured 
and rugose ; colour, as a rule, bright green or golden 
BEECT as usk iss 'e)- sil eel ee way) as) s) Es CONCINNGE., Glenn. 
P. COCHLEARIA, F. 
P. tumidulus, Germ. Short oval, very convex, deep steel-blue, or 
slightly brassy, sometimes almost black ; head closely and rather strongly 
punctured, antenne dark, with base pitchy ; thorax with sides narrowed 
in front, very smooth, and somewhat flattened, on disc, with base and 
sides finely punctured ; scutellum large, smooth; elytra with very fine 
punctured striz, interstices extremely finely punctured ; legs dark. 
L. 23-3 mm. 
By sweeping herbage, especially by the sides of roads, lanes, &c.; common and 
generally distributed throughout the greater part of the kingdom; Dr. Sharp records 
it as common in Scotland on Heracleum spondylium, and I have found it in numbers 
on the same plant, but cannot say whether it is attached to it exclusively. 
P. armoracia, L, (betule, Kiist. ; cochlearie,-Panz. et Gyll., nec F.). 
Short oval, rather convex, shining, of a deep steel-blue cyaneous colour, 
with the anal segment of abdomen furnished with a broad and bright 
reddish-testaceous border, a point that will at once distinguish it ; 
antenne black; thorax thickly, distinctly, and uniformly punctured, 
narrowed in front; elytra with a strong humeral callosity, and with 
rather fine punctured striew, which are, however, much stronger than in 
P. tumidulus, and are somewhat variable ; these strie are confused at 
apex ; the interstices are closely and distinctly punctured, but more 
finely in some specimens than in others; legs dark. LL. 3-32 mm. 
In damp places, by sweeping herbage, at roots of grass, in flood refuse, &c. 3 gene- 
rally distributed throughout England, and in some localities very common; in some 
districts, however, it is certainly not common, and Bold records it as very rare in 
Northumberland and Durham ; Scotland, local, in the water among Montia fontana, 
Solway, Forth, and Moray districts (Sharp) ; Ireland, Armagh, and probably widely 
distributed. 
