90 HETEROMERA. [ Xylophilide. 
its mouth organs it is allied to Conopalpus, and still more closely to 
Osphya ; the Xylophilide, however, possess one striking peculiarity 
which separates them from Seraptia and from all the allies with which 
they have been associated, and that is the extremely small and simple 
penultimate joint of the tarsi, which is concealed between the strong 
lobes of the antepenultimate joint, so that the tarsi at first sight appear 
to be 4-4-3-jointed ; the first two segments, moreover, of the abdomen 
are connate ; the intermediate coxe are slightly and the posterior more 
broadly distant; the head is suddenly constricted immediately behind 
eyes which are large, kidney-shaped, and coarsely granulated; the 
antenne are filiform, rarely serrate or flabellate, long or very long, 
inserted in a slight sinuation of the eyes ; the thorax is much narrower 
at base than the elytra, and bas the sides unmargined ; the legs are 
rather slender, and the tibize are furnished with small spurs ; the claws, 
which are toothed in the Pedilina, are simple. 
(After I had sent the first part of this volume to the press, Mr. Champion kindly sent 
mea proof of the part of the “BiologiaCentrali- Americana” containing the Xylophilidee; 
I was much pleased to find that he also bad separated the family as distinct on just the 
same characters that I had made use of, viz. the fact that the first two segments of the 
abdomen are connate, and the structure of the tarsi; I have not in any point altered 
the above remarks on the family, which I wrote about two years ago (in 1888), but 
I have been enabled to add several particulars regarding the distribution, &c., of the 
genus, for which I have adopted the name Xylophilus instead of Euglenes, follow- 
ing Mr. Champion in preference to certain European authorities : Mr. Champion 
remarks that “many authors place Xylophilus and Scraptia in the same group or 
family ; but these genera are not closely allied, though they have the head very 
similarly formed.’’) 
XYLOPHILUS, Latreille. (ELuglenes, Westwood.) 
The characters given above will serve to distinguish the genus, but 
the peculiar shape of the maxillary and labial palpi must be noticed, as 
they have the last joint much enlarged and widened, and almost cyathi- 
form or cup-shaped, I cannot, however, say whether this has been found 
to be a character universal in all the species that have been discovered ; 
the antenne have the second joint small; the posterior femora are 
flattened beneath, and the posterior tarsi have the first joint longer 
than the rest taken together; the genus contains at present just 
about a hundred species, of which twenty-three occur in Europe, 
thirty-six in Central America, sixteen in the United States, and 
the remainder in Algeria, Japan, Ceylon, the Australian region, &.; the 
Central American species have recently been described by Mr. Champion, 
who says that no species belonging to the genus has hitherto been 
described from America south of Texas or Florida, and that of the thirty- 
six species discovered by him nearly two-thirds are represented by 
single specimens only ; it is therefore probable that at least double this 
number inhabit Central America, and that most likely they are especially 
abundant in the northern part of South America ; Mr, Champion says, 
