Balaninus.] RHYNCHOPHORA. 387 
slender; thorax with sides slightly rounded and not strongly narrowed 
in front, closely and comparatively coarsely punctured ; elytra broader 
than thorax, with distinet striz and flat granulose interstices; all the 
femora armed with a small, but sharp and distinct, tooth. L.24 mm. 
Male with the antennz inserted in the middle of rostrum and the 
tibize, especially the anterior pair, armed with a large curved hook. 
Female with the antenne inserted behind the middle of the rostrum, 
which is longer. 
On willows; the larva has been observed by Perris in galls formed by a species of 
Nematus on the osier, Salix vitellina ; common and generally distributed through- 
out the kingdom, and often very abundant. 
B. pyrrhoceras, Marsh. Very like the preceding, but rather 
smaller and easily distinguished by having the metasternum simply 
pubescent or very sparingly squamose, and also by the faet that the 
antenne are red with a dark club, and that the front part of the rostrum 
is red in the male ; the teeth of the femora are smaller, and the thorax 
is a little more strongly punctured, and the interstices of the elytra are 
narrower ; the fifth ventral segment of the abdomen is broadly foveolate 
in the middle in the male, and the femoral teeth of the female are rather 
sharper than in the other sex. L. 2-2} mm. 
On oak, willows, hazels, &c.; less common than the preceding, but widely distri- 
buted from the Midlands southwards; not recorded, however, from any district north 
of the Midland counties, as far as I have been able to discover. 
CALANDRINA. 
This tribe contains several genera of which by far the most impor- 
tant are Sphenophorus and Calandra; these are the only two genera 
that are represented in Europe and neither of them can be regarded as 
really indigenous, although C. granaria has to a great extent become 
naturalized ; the members of the tribe are chiefly found in tropical 
climates ; some of them are very large ; the larve are fleshy grubs 
which bore grain, rice, sugar-cane, the pith of the palm, &c.; that of 
Calandra palmarum is two inches long and is considered a great 
delicacy, when cooked, by the natives of the country where it occurs; 
it is, perhaps, the Cossus of the ancients ; the following are the chief 
characteristics of the tribe, which by some authors is included under the 
Cossonide as a separate family; form oblong or oblong-ovate, usually 
glabrous; antenne geniculate, inserted near base of rostrum, with the 
first joint of the club glabrous and shining ; rostrum moderately long ; 
thorax often very large, fitting closely to base of elytra; all the coxe 
globose and more or less distant ; anterior tibie with a ridge on their 
posterior surface; seutellum small ; elytra with punctured striae, with a 
very narrow membranous border at apex, pygidium not quite covered; 
prosternum broad before the anterior cox, situated on the same plane as 
the mesosternum ; tarsi, as in the Cossonina, with the last joint elongate, 
ce 2 
