408 RUYNCHOPHORA. [ Scolytus. 
which is peculiar to the species;* abdomen with the segments 
simple. 
In stumps of birch trees ; rare; Scotland, Tay district, Rannoch, Perthshire; the 
species occurs in Northern, Eastern and Central Europe and in the western part of 
Central Asia; it is often common and very destructive in East Central Europe and in 
Russia; it is, apparently, ccnfined exclusively to the birch. 
This species is closely allied to S. destructor, but may be distinguished 
by its larger size, deep shining black colour, narrower thorax, more 
parallel elytra, which have a single row of punctures on the inter- 
stices, the comparatively naked head of the female, the great length of 
the pubescence on that of the male, the more deeply emarginate 
clypeus, and especially by the structure and puncturing of the abdomen— 
for in S. destructor the third and fourth segments have a minute tooth 
on their anterior margin in both sexes, and the punctures, although fine, 
are deep and close, particularly on the fifth segment (Vide Ent. Annual, 
1856, 88-89). 
S. destructor, Ol. (scolytus, F., Geoffroyi, Goeze,+ Ratzeburgi, 
Thoms.). Black, shining, with the elytra more or less rufescent, usually 
more or less suffused with fuscous, the dark colour sometimes taking the 
form of a cross and dividing off four more or less distinctly marked 
reddish patches ; in ordinary specimens, however, the colour is not 
distinctly divided; head black, longitudinally rugose; thorax large, 
longer than broad, with the sides scareely rounded and gently 
narrowed in front, diffusely and very finely punctured on disc, 
more strongly punctured in front and at sides; sutural region of 
elytra thickly punctured behind scutellum which is much depressed ; 
elytra with distinct punctured striz, interstices plainly and diffusely 
punctured (the rows being usually double) ; antennz and legs ferrugin- 
ous, femora pitchy in middle ; third and fourth segments in both sexes 
furnished, as a rule, with a small tubercle. L. 4-5 mm. 
Male with the forehead clothed with short and thick pale villose 
pubescence, and the abdomen sparingly villose ; last segment with two 
tufts of reddish hairs. 
Female with the forehead dull, and the abdomen closely punctured. 
In elms; common and generally distributed from the north Midland districts 
southwards ; more local and Jess common further north ; it has not been recorded 
from Scotland, nor have I any record from Ireland, but it most probably occurs in 
the latter country; it is found as far north as the Northumberland and Durham 
district. 
S. pruni, Ratz. This species at first sight much resembles the pre- 
* This character will distinguish the species from S. pruni and S. destructor, 
with which small females may be confounded. 
+ The name 8S. Geoffroyi, Gueze (1777), is adopted by several writers; Bedel 
adopts S. scolytus, F. (1775), which has the priority, but the repetition is very 
awkward; I have thought it best to retain the ordinary naine S. destructor, Ol. 
(1799). 
