Hylesinus.| RHYNCHOPHORA. 419 
whitish circle near apex ; legs more or less ferruginous with the femora 
darker and the tarsi lighter. L. 13-2 mm. 
In decaying elms; also rarely in ash; local, but common where it occurs ; Forest 
Hill ; Brockley; Greenwich ; Wickham; Compton Wynniatt, Somerset, in ash and 
elms in numbers in April (Power); Cowley, Gloucestershire ; Monmouthshire and 
Herefordshire, abundant (Chapman) ; Salford Priors, Evesham; Needwood, Stafford- 
shire; Repton, Burton-on-Trent ; Northumberland and Durham district ; Scotland, 
Solway district; ‘‘ Raehills, Rev. W. Little, Murray’s Cat.” 
MYELOPHILUS, Lichhoff (Hylurgus, pars Brit. Cat.) . 
This genus contains a few species which are found in Europe, 
Northern Asia and North America; they have usually been included 
under Hylurgus, but are now separated off through having the anterior 
coxe scarcely distant from the cephalic margin of the prosternum 
(which is also excavated as far as the cox), the club of the antenne 
ovate, and the upper side of the body shining and clothed with scanty 
hairs ; in Hylurgus proper the anterior cox are situated at some distance 
behind the cephalic border of the prosternum, the club of the antenne 
is globose, and the upper side of the body is dull, granulate or shagreened ; 
the funiculus of the antenne is six-jointed, the anterior coxe are 
narrowly separate, and the thorax is furnished with long villose hairs 
at the sides ; the eyes are entire, and the tarsi have the third joint 
broader than the preceding. 
The life history of M. piniperda is discussed by Miss Ormerod in the 
Manual of Injurious Insects, p, 217; the beetles are destructive to pine 
plantations in all stages of growth by boring through the sides of the 
tender shoots into the pith, and eating their way for an inch or two 
along the centre; this is done in the summer, and in the following 
spring, during high winds, the affected shoots are blown off; if the 
leading shoot, as is often the case with young trees, is thus lost, the 
tree as it grows becomes bushy headed, its growth is retarded, and its 
ultimate value is reduced ; in April or May the female beetle bores a 
parent burrow through and beneath the bark in which she lays her eggs; 
the young larve, when hatched, as in the case of Hylesinus and other 
genera, hore galleries at right angles to the parent burrow and form a 
“‘typograph ” ; at this stage, however, they do but little harm as the 
eggs are neatly always laid in felled or decaying trees; it is in the 
perfect state that they commit the greatest ravages, by boring into the 
young shoots as before stated. The best method for the prevention of 
the damage done by the bectle is to remove and burn all brushwood 
and old trunks in young plantations as the beetles propagate in 
these in multitudes ; and all standing trees that are sickly should be 
observed, and, if found to be infected, should be felled and removed. 
I. Second interstice of elytra flattened and without 
inberclenatapex’ Vo; . we EU) A TPR EE 
Ee 2 
