1874.] Notices of Books. II3 
of experiments on Ransome’s siliceous concrete, the Frear stone, 
the American building-block, the Sorel artificial stone, and Port- 
land stone, are added. For the results, the reader—and even the 
general reader will derive much useful information from the 
work—be he builder, architect, or engineer, should refer to the 
actual description of the experiments. A sample of the work, 
however, may be epitomised from the chapter on artificial 
Portland cement, and its production by the English wet and the 
German dry processes. In the wet process we are told that the 
works in the vicinity of London employ both white and grey 
chalks of the neighbourhood, and clay procured from the shores 
of the Medway and the Thames. ‘The clay and the chalk are 
mixed together in the proportion of about one to three by weight, 
and when a thorough mixture is effected in the wash-mill, the 
liquid, resembling whitewash in appearance, is conducted to 
large open reservoirs called bocks, where it is left to settle. 
When the raw cement mixture has attained the consistency of 
butter, it is shovelled out of the bocks, removed to stoves heated 
by flues, and dried. When dry, it is burnt with gas-coke in per- 
petual kilns. The cement-clinkers formed during the burning 
are ground into the powder known commercially as cement. By 
the dry process, the chalk, or marl and clay are kiln-dried, mixed 
in suitable proportions, and reduced to powder. ‘This powder is 
moulded into bricks from a stiff paste; the bricks are dried, 
burnt, and ground, as in the wet process. ‘These processes, 
described in four or five pages, including the proportions giving 
best results, are supplemented by remarks which will be useful 
to every practical engineer. General Gillmore’s work next 
quoted in our list is equally full of information, but deals with 
the class of hydraulic limes and cements only thus admitting 
more general detail. Both works are likely to be of much prac- 
tical utility to the builder or engineer. 
Mind and Body: the Theories of their Relation. By ALEXANDER 
Bain, LL.D., Professor of Logic in the University of 
Aberdeen. Second Edition. Henry S. King and Co. 
1873. 
ProFessor Bain is well known as the author of a work on 
Logic, and of various papers in the “Fortnightly Review,” one 
of which, ‘‘On the Theories of the Soul,” is printed as the con- 
cluding chapter of the volume before us. He is also known as 
a prominent member of the Rationalistic school. We fear the 
fact that this volume has reached a second edition in a very 
short space of time is a sign that Rationalistic literature is 
eagerly read in this country, and that the attitude of mind which 
it develops is largely on the increase. 
The subject which Professor Bain discusses in this volume is 
the precise connection between the mind and the great nervous 
VOL. IV. (N.S.) Q 
