1874.] wn Kent's Cavern. I51I 
red grit, which, though derivable from the adjacent and 
loftier eminences, the Cavern-hill could not supply ; and the 
latter, or more modern, being made up of a light red clay 
with small angular fragments of limestone. 
and. ‘These two deposits were separated by a sheet of 
Crystalline Stalagmite, in some places almost 12 feet thick, 
formed after the materials of the Breccia had all been 
introduced, but before the introduction of the Cave-earth 
commenced. 
3rd. After the Stalagmite just mentioned had sealed up 
the Breccia, it was in extensive parts of the Cavern, broken 
up by some natural agency, and much of the underlying 
Breccia was dislodged and carried out of the Cavern, before 
the first instalment of Cave-earth was deposited. 
4th. The Cavern faunz during the two periods were very 
dissimilar: that of the Breccia did not include the hyena, 
which played so conspicuous a part in the Cavern history 
during the subsequent Cave-earth era, and whose agency, 
next to that of man, made cavern searching an important 
branch of science. When his cavern-haunting habits are 
remembered, it will be seen that his absence in the one 
fauna, and his presence in the other, render it eminently 
probable that he was not an occupant of Britain during the 
earlier period. 
The same inference cannot with an equal approach to 
certainty be drawn respecting the horse, ox, deer, &c., 
though the absence of their remains from the Breccia is 
equally pronounced ; for it may be presumed that their bones 
occur in caverns simply because their dead bodies were 
dragged there piecemeal by the hyzena, and this could not 
have occurred, even though they had crowded the country, 
before the arrival of the great bone-eating scavenger who 
made the Cavern his home. 
The remains of the bear in the Breccia present no 
difficulty, for their introduction did not require the agency 
of the hyzena, since the bear is a cave-dweller. Dr. Leith 
Adams, F.R.S., so well known as a naturalist and cavern 
explorer, writing me on the subject, says:—‘‘ The Brown 
Bear of the western Himalayas hybernates, choosing chiefly 
caverns and rock crevices, which it abandons in spring to 
wander about; but old individuals, when no longer equal to 
the same amount of exertion, take to a secluded life, and 
usually select a cavern on a rocky mountain side, at the base 
of which there is abundant verdure and shade, with a pool 
or spring where they bathe frequently, or recline during the 
heat of the day to escape the annoyance of insects. Such 
