xil 
Summit, the apex, or lip. 
Suture, the spiral line which sepa- 
rates the whorls. 
Tessellated, chequered. 
Tortuous, twisted. 
Transverse, in the opposite direction 
to lengthways ; whena Bivalve is 
called transverse, it is broader 
than long. 
Trapeziform, the shape of a tra- 
pezium. 
Truncated, abruptly cut off. 
Tubercle, a small knob. 
Tuberculated, armed with tubercles. 
Tubular, tube-shaped. 
Turbinated, when the body whorl 
tapers gradually to its base, and 
the spire is depressed, and very 
short. 
Turgid, swollen. 
GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN CONCHOLOGY. 
Varices, Varix, longitudinal eleva- 
tions marking the stages of growth. 
Vaulted, arched. 
Ventral margin, the one opposite 
the hinge. 
Ventricose, very convex. 
Vertex, the most elevated point of a 
limpet. 
Umbilicus, Umbilicated, the perfora- 
tion at the base of certain Uni- 
valves. 
Umbo, the round part which turns 
over the hinge of Bivalves. 
Undulated, waved. 
Ungulate, hoof-shaped. 
Volutions, the whorls. 
Vulva, the anterior depression, or 
lozenge. 
Whoris, the spiral coils of Univalves. 
Zoned, banded. 
Norr.—The simplest way to clean shells is as follows :—Let them soak 
in warm (not hot) water; use soap, and brush them with a hard tooth. 
brush. When dry, let them absorb a vegetable oil, which developes their 
natural colours, and in a few days, having dried them thoroughly, again 
brush them. Muriatic acid, mixed with water, will remove foreign sub- 
stances, and obstinate dirt; the former may usually be chipped off with a 
knife or graver. 
