598 Meeting of the British Association. [Oct., 



Mr. James Thomson exliibited the results of his labours in 

 preparing sections of Carboniferous Limestone Corals, "which, after 

 being mounted on glass, have been photographed most successfully, 

 so as to exhibit the most minute points of their structure. 



Mr. G. W. Ormerod described the Granites of the northerly 

 and easterly sides of Dartmoor. He mentioned that Schorl and 

 Tourmaline are of frequent occurrence in these granites, but "whe- 

 ther they "were all of one age he "was uncertain ; the " elvans " or 

 veins crossing the mass "were undoubtedly of later age. ]\Ir. Orme- 

 rod had not discovered any glacial stri£e ; but Dr. Otto Torell had 

 examined the gravel near Hunt's Tor, and had declared it to be a 

 true glacial moraine. 



Mr. W. Pengelly, in a note on the " Source of the Miocene Clays 

 of Bovey Tracey," sho"wed that they "were mostly formed of dis- 

 integrated granite, interstratified "with the hgnite beds. 



Mr. T. Davidson's paper on " The Brachiopoda hitherto obtained 

 from the * Pebble-bed ' of Budleigh Salterton," sho"wed that the 

 pebbles "were a mixture of Devonian and Silm-ian strata, ten species 

 belonging to each formation, and fifteen being ne"w and undescribed 

 forms. The fossil contents of the pebbles pointed to Normandy as 

 the locality "whence they had originally been derived. 



Mr. Ed"ward Hull traced the source of the Quartzose Con- 

 glomerates of the Ne"w Bed Sandstone of central England ("which 

 in Lancashire and Cheshire attained the thickness of 700 feet) 

 to the Old Bed Sandstone formation. The pebbles "were all liver- 

 coloured quartzites, "well rounded and "water-"worn, never sub- 

 angular. The author considered they had gone through at least 

 two periods of trituration. An examination of the Old Bed Con- 

 glomerates near Loch Lomond fully confirmed his "view as to their 

 origin. 



Mr. Henry Wood"ward gave an account of the Fresh-'water 

 Deposits of the Valley of the Lea in Essex, exposed in excavating 

 the East London Waterworks Company's ne"w reservoir's at Walt- 

 hamsto"w. The excavations cover an area of 120 acres, and the 

 materials removed are all of Post-Tertiary age, consisting of sand, 

 clay, loam, peat, shell-marl, and river gravel. Twenty-six species 

 of shells were identified, all of h"ving species. The osseous remains 

 include man, the "wolf, fox, beaver, horse, wild boar, red deer, roe- 

 buck, fallow deer, reindeer, the elk, the goat, three species of oxen 

 {Bos lirimigenius, B. longifrons, and B . frontosus) , the sea-eagle, 

 and some bones of fishes. In the deep trenches of the " puddle- 

 walls " were found tusks of the mammoth and horns of the gigantic 

 ox and deer. The presence of the reindeer, the elk, and the beaver, 

 in so modern a deposit and so near to London is full of interest. 



