1869.] Geology. 599 



Mr. Pengelly presented the " Fifth Keport of the Cormnittee on 

 the Exploration of Kent's Cavern." He stated that in the layer of 

 black soil beneath the floor of the " vestibule " 366 flint implements 

 had been obtained, together with flint cores, a bone needle, a bone 

 harpoon or fish-spear, serrated on one side. Altogether 3948 boxes 

 of bone fragments had been taken out, which Professor Boyd 

 Dawkins had undertaken to examine. In the breccia beneath the 

 cave-earth a flint flake had been discovered, associated with remains 

 of the cave-lion, cave-bear, and mammoth. 



Professor Boyd Dawkins gave some account of the animals. He 

 stated that the men who lived in the cave when the black layer was 

 being deposited were cannibals, split and gnawed human bones 

 having been met with. He had identified in the lower layer bones 

 of the glutton, the tailless hare, the beaver, &c. 



Mr. H. H. Howorth communicated a very elaborate essay on 

 " The Extinction of the Mammoth," in which he had collated all the 

 statements respecting that animal to be found in the various works 

 on Siberia, &c. He concluded that climatal conditions had extin- 

 guished the mammoth, and not the men of the Stone age. 



Mr. Pengelly gave a short notice on the alleged occurrence of 

 Hij^i^o^otamus major and Macliairodus latidens in Kent's Hole. 

 He showed good evidence of the latter animal's presence, but 

 stated that the former had never been met with in this cavern. 



Mr. W. H. Baily read the " Eeport of the Committee for the 

 Exploration of the Devonian Beds of Kiltorcan, co. Kilkenny." 

 A new fossil fern (Adiantites), a Sagenaria in fructification, and a 

 new Limuloid Crustacean, were the most noteworthy results of this 

 investigation, which we are glad to state is to be continued. 



Mr. Charles Moore called attention to the occurrence of remains 

 of Teleosaurus in the nodules of the Upper Lias at Ilminster. 



Mr. George Maw's paper " On the Trappean Conglomerates of 

 Middletown Hill, Montgomeryshire," furnished an excellent account 

 of the Trap-rocks of Lower Silurian age which form this ridge, 

 running parallel with the Breidden Hills on the borders of Shrop- 

 shire and JMontgomeryshire. Great beds of bouldered trap occur, 

 composed of boulders of compact felstone imbedded in a matrix of 

 felstone tuff. The interbedded traps are bounded on either side by 

 Lower Llandeilo flags, and are collectively about 780 feet in thick- 

 ness. Other eruptive beds were also noticed in this hill. The 

 author suggested that the porphyritic greenstone of the Breidden 

 Hills was probably emitted from the same point of eruption as these 

 bedded traps. The local association of intrusive greenstones with 

 interbedded felstones of Lower Silurian age, was stated to be very 

 general in North Wales. 



