1872.] Notices of Books. 79 
the miners, and gives a description of the principal geological 
characteristics of the lodes and elvans. But the most striking 
feature of the address is the list of works consulted and referred 
to. The address concludes with an interesting history of the 
several steam-engines and their boilers employed in pumping 
water from the mines. 
Organic Philosophy. Vol. III. Outlines of Biology.—Body, 
Soul, Mind, and Spirit. By Hucu DoHErRTty, M.D. London: 
Triibner and Co. 1871. 556 pp. 
Works on speculative philosophy cannot be noticed in a few 
words, because there is no standard sufficiently recognised to 
which they can be at once adjudged. Further, links in the chain 
of reasoning that may seem accurately forged to some, to others 
may appear as bearing an undue tension. This is the case in 
this instance. The views of Aristotle and Anaxagoras, which 
have been current with many schoolmen, seem to Dr. Doherty 
unsatisfactory, and their division of the subject illogical. Yet 
all these views may to a certain extent be correct. As faras they 
deal with things tangible we can say whether they are correct or 
incorrect ; but the moment the imagination is called into play 
the standard is removed, and the judgment falls back upon in- 
dividual reasoning. Then the chances of error that present 
themselves are innumerable, for of the actual working of the mind 
we know comparatively nothing; the functions of our intellectual 
nature may in their complexity possess a paradoxical simplicity, 
but as yet they are practically entirely unresolved. With this 
saving clause we can proceed to the consideration of Dr. Doherty’s 
analysis of vital unity. ‘“‘The Body,” he says “is a complete 
physiological aspect of synthetic unity; the Soul is a complete 
psychological aspect of synthetic unity ; the Spirit is a complete 
pneumatological aspect of synthetic unity; the Mind is a com- 
plete noological aspect of synthetic unity.” Hence, according to 
these definitions, we have the physical functions of the body, the 
spiritual functions of the spirit, the instinctual functions of the 
soul, and the mental functions of the mind, as the entire 
functions of vital unity. How nearly the last three divisions are 
correct is, as has been said, a matter for individual reasoning. 
Granted that the subject is correctly so divided, Dr. Doherty 
certainly follows a logical course of reasoning, and his collateral 
remarks show a most extensive reading, not only in the 
branch of philosophy of which he treats, but also in the exact 
sciences. 
The book is well worthy mature deliberation. It isthe third of 
a series of five volumes. ‘The first volume is an outline of 
Episcosmology (the three kingdoms of nature on our globe, epi- 
cosmos) ; the second is a general view of Ontology (eternal forces; 
laws, and principles); the fourth will be an outline of Systematic 
