1872.] Copper Mines of Chilt. 169 
This may be the reason of its having been more extensively 
worked than any other mine in the Indian and Spanish periods. 
Indian burrows—for they were nothing else—18 inches 
Square, were often met in the older workings of the Farellon 
mine. From these narrow passages alone they extracted 
the ore, as they were never found to terminate in a larger 
excavation. Stone and copper hammers are still turned up 
in the refuse heaps, identical in shape and mode of attach- 
ment of the head to the handle with those from the Indian 
workings in the Lake Superior mines. ‘There are three 
mines on an east and west lode, with a dip to the south, 
which can be traced for many miles, but is productive only 
at three points, where three huge dykes form the north wall 
of the lode. Adjacent to these dykes occur the chimnies of 
ore which have made the mines so wealthy. 
The lode, like the great Tomaya lode, is a double vein, 
the richer being the southerly, the poorer the northerly. 
They appear to bulge alternately, but where they run 
together there such bunches occur as that from which Mr. 
Lambert, in 1847, is reported to have made 1,000,000 dols. 
profit. The northerly lode is left standing. 
Of the three mines, work has always been most vigorously 
prosecuted on the first and third—the Farellon and Panteon 
mines; the intermediate mine, the Bronze, never having 
been very rich. 
The Farellon is worked to a great depth. At surface 
it yielded carbonates, which gave place at once to yellow 
sulphuret without the interposition of the vitreous ore, 
which yielded the great riches of Tomaya. All these old 
workings are quite abandoned, and the ore is now extracted 
by an adit level, which strikes the lode at over 100 fathoms 
from its outcrop. From the end of this adit a shaft is sunk 
for 80 fathoms on the inclination of the lode, which carries 
in the lower levels from 1 to 2 yards of solid yellow ore. 
Although the ore is cut off to both the east and west by 
cross courses, there are so many fathoms of solid metal in 
view, that one cannot doubt but that if the Brillador were 
again actively worked, it would again assume its old rank 
among Chili mines. Neither Tomaya nor Carrizal can 
show anything to compare with the face of ore in the 
deepest workings of the Farellon. The realisation of Mr. 
Lambert’s confident anticipation of a rise in the price of 
copper may induce him to work his famous mine with 
the force it deserves. 
The Panteon Mine, at about a mile distant, once yielded 
handsomely; but the lode was lost long ago during Mr. 
VOL. Ir. (N.S:) Z 
