1872.] The Construction of the Heavens. 329 
heavens were as richly spread as the several regions indi- 
cated in the first column :— 
Richness. 
Northern Milky Way. . . . - + 9,940 
5 rich region . . 9,050 
33 poor region (equally larg ae 2,507 
Gaps iiMaley eWay 8s © .. 26.23 (S -  9240 
Southern poor region. . y  208 
z rich region (equally lar ge) . 1p 0 
Milky Way . eas oe ey 19,500 
It will be observed that the richness of the whole Milky 
Way would be represented by 11,768, exceeding more than nine 
times the number representing the distribution of stars over 
the gaps and lacunz of the Milky Way. 
By extending the process of charting to include all the 
324,198 stars in Argelander’s series of forty charts, even 
more decisive evidence is obtained of the absolute inter- 
mixture in space—+.e., within certain definite clustering 
ageregations—of stars of the brighter orders and the 
telescopic stars studied by the Herschels. For in the very 
regions where the Herschelian gauges showed the minutest 
telescopic stars to be most crowded, my chart of 324,198 
stars shows the stars of the higher orders (down only to the 
11th magnitude) to be so crowded that by their mere 
aggregation in the mass they show the Milky Way with all 
its streams and clusterings. This evidence, I venture to 
affirm, is altogether decisive as to the mein question, 
whether large and small stars are really intermixed in many 
regions of space, or whether the small stars are excessively 
remote. It is utterly impossible that excessively remote 
stars could seem to be clustered exactly where relatively 
near Stars are richly spread. This might happen, no doubt, 
in a single instance, but that it could be repeated over and 
over again, so as to account for all the complicated features 
seen in my chart of 324,198 stars I maintain to be utterly 
incredible. 
By applying the process of equal-surface charting to the 
nebulz, I find that they are so arranged over the heavens 
as to leave no room for doubting their association with the 
sidereal system. Moreover, they are found to run into 
streams or branches, intimately associated with streams of 
stars. And strangely enough, as the great star-streams 
seen in Eridanus and Aquarius are prolonged so as to 
enclose the Magellanic Clouds, so the great southern nebular 
streams extend themselves to the same groups. The asso- 
VOL. II. (N.S.) 215 
