156 Heredity. [April, 
mammalia were pre-glacial; Mr. Tiddiman has found a 
human bone beneath glacial débris in Yorkshire ; in 
America Professor Whitney has announced the discovery of 
a pre-glacial human skull, and I hope soon to be able to lay 
before geologists the evidence I have collected, that I 
think proves that the tools of paleeolithic man in the British 
Isles are all of pre-glacial age. Nearly all ethnologists are 
agreed that the representatives of palzolithic man are the 
Eskimos of the far north, and probably, in glacial times, 
they held much the same relation as they do now to more 
civilised communities, living further south in more congenial 
climes, and I have suggested that the records of a glacial 
civilisation still exist in the statues and cyclopian ruins of 
some Pacific Islands.* 
If we have to go back 200,000 years to the glacial period, 
the small amount of change in the organic world, and the 
slow progress of civilisation northwards, from its southern 
home, are difficulties not easily surmounted by the evolution- 
ist, for he has not unlimited time at his disposal. ‘This 
world and its inhabitants do show signs of a beginning, and 
he will have to put that beginning back far beyond the time 
that physicists and astronomers will allow him, if 200,000 
years scarcely takes us one step backward in the long suc- 
cession of changes in the organic world, of which we have 
proofs in the strata of the earth’s surface. These difficul- 
ties will be greatly lessened if the period of the glacial 
epoch has to be put back only 20,000 years; and, so far as 
the excavation of the gorge of Niagara affords a scale of 
measurement, there is no reason to ask for a longer time. 
i ERE DIMOY: 
Kt is recorded that towards the end of the seventeenth 
century two Highland chieftains were condoling with 
each other on the unpleasant fact that ‘‘ the law”’ had 
penetrated within fifty miles of their mountain-fastnesses, 
and that soon not a spot would be left where the claymore 
was the only arbitrator between man and man. In our day, 
* Naturalist in Nicaragua, p. 269. 
{+ Heredity: a Psychological Study of its Phenomena, Laws, Causes, and 
Consequences. From the French of Tu. Rrsot. London: H. S. King 
and Co. 
Heredity and Hybridism: a Suggestion. By Epwarp W. Cox, SL. 
London: Longmans and Co. 
