OQ 
70 Notices of Books. (July, 
Yet with admirable consistency he upholds the doctrine of free- 
will, and repeats the venerable fallacy that those who doubt it 
have no right to punish a transgressor. How? The wolf and 
the tiger must of necessity prey either upon our flocks and herds, 
or upon ourselves. Yet not the less, but rather the more, do we 
poison or shoot them. If a murderer pleads necessity, society 
replies that the very same necessity dictates his elimination. 
The Author glorifies Adam Smith and Malthus, but rails at 
J. Stuart Mill, and denounces free trade. Wherever free trade 
exists, he tells us, ‘there may be found an Englishman and a 
dupe.”” Indeed for England and Englishmen he has little 
affection. He accuses our country of being the focus of his bete 
noire, the International. He has petroleum on the brain, and is 
delighted with himself for having turned “ proletariate” into 
‘¢ petrolatariate.” 
But the reader will ask, where is the science? Echo answers 
‘““where?” There are, indeed, a few vague generalities, there 
are positives and negatives, animisms and dynamisms. We are 
told that the modes of contraction of dynamism are gravitation, 
weight, cohesion, capillarity, and acoustics, whilst its modes of 
expansion are heat, electricity, hght, and magnetism. We are 
to ascribe ‘‘To the combination of contractive DYNAMISM with 
infinitesimal MATTER the apparition of the germ of the earth. 
To the combination of expansive DYNAMISM with contractised 
MATTER, the apparition of the inchoative sketch of the globe; in 
a word, the terrestrial chaos, organic and inorganic. 
To the combination of AFFINITY, or soul of the fourth degree 
(eumorphism) with a portion of the dynamised MATTER, the 
apparition of the MINERAL kingdom. To the combination of 
RUDIMENTARY INSTINCT, or soul of the third degree, with a part 
of the dynamised matter, and with affinity, the apparition of the 
vegetable kingdom. 
To the combination of TRUE INSTINCT, or soul of the second 
degree (animal intelligence), with a part of the dynamised MATTER, 
with afinity and with the rudimentary instinct, the apparition of 
the ANIMAL kingdom. 
Finally, to the combination of INTELLIGENCE, properly so- 
called, or soul of the first degree (trwe soul, or reason) with a 
part of dynamised MATTER with the rudimentary instinct, the 
true instinct, and with affinity, the apparition of the human 
kingdom.” 
Such propositions as this can be produced by the mile as 
easily as calico. But they are not science. They shed no new 
light on any department of nature; they point the way to no 
researches, and are as incapable and as unworthy of refutation 
as of verification. They are essentially cold, sterile, lifeless. 
A denunciation of Darwin occurs as a matter of course. The 
manner of the onslaught is quite in character. M. James 
Thomson does not argue—he shrieks, chatters, “‘ mops, and 
SS 
