1868. | Archeology and Ethnology. 63 
mud, from three to twelve inches thick; beneath this was a stalag- 
mitic floor, graduating downwards into a firm stony breccia, and 
beneath this again a thick accumulation of “ cave-earth,” of unknown 
depth, including a large number of angular fragments of limestone, 
but without any indication of stratification. In the black mould 
have been found objects of human workmanship in slate, stone, bone, 
and bronze ; a few flint flakes, two fragments of plates of smelted 
copper, and numerous pieces of pottery. With them were asso- 
ciated bones of various existing animals, such as pig, deer, sheep, 
badger, fox, numerous rodents, &c.; pieces of charred wood, and 
shells of several kinds of snails. 
Few remains have been discovered in the stalagmitic floor; they 
consist of terrestrial and marine shells of existing species, and bones 
of various recent and extinct animals. In the caye-earth a large 
number of bones of extinct animals have been found, including 
Elephas primigenius, Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Felis spelwa, Ursus 
speleus, and Hywna spelea; with these were discovered nearly 
one hundred flint implements, excluding doubtful specimens and 
mere chips. This cave-earth has been worked to the depth of four 
feet, and the Committee have kept a record of what was discovered 
in each level of one foot deep. The flint implements and bones 
were most numerous in the first foot below the stalagmite, and the 
implements of most elaborate workmanship were found in the lowest 
levels, of three and four feet deep; those from the four-foot level 
being “the most elaborately finished tools of the cavern series.” 
Speaking generally as to the relative abundance of implements 
in the levels, the Committee state that “up to this time each level 
has been rather less productive than those above it.” The ex- 
plorations of the Committee have been scrupulously made in those 
portions of the cavern which have not been disturbed by earlier 
investigators, whose statements they have been able to confirm in 
every particular, except the asserted occurrence of Machairodus 
and Hippopotamus, and human bones, which they have not yet met 
with. We look forward to reading the conclusions at which the 
Committee have arrived in a future report. 
In a pamphlet, entitled ‘ A Descriptive List of Flint Implements 
found at St. Mary Bourne, with Illustrations of the Principal Types,’ 
Mr. Joseph Stephens records (at p. 23) his discovery of a spot 
which had evidently been the scene of flint working during a long 
period, occupying a small space in an open field, known as Breach- 
field, on a hill near the village of St. Mary Bourne. In a few visits 
he succeeded in finding “more than 100 cores, about 200 arrow- 
head and spear-head flakes, a score of axes, besides a quantity of 
so-named scrapers, sling-stones, awls, drills, wedges, hammers, 
crushers, and a heap of pot-boilers.” He states that all the imple- 
ments are of the “ surface-type,” and mostly of very rude workman- 
