98 Chronicles of Science. [Jan., 
Capt. Spratt discusses at some length the conditions under which an 
amphibious animal like the Hippopotamus could have lived on the 
island of Malta, believing that it was at that time at a much higher 
elevation, and was joined to Sicily and the Italian peninsula, but 
separated from Africa by a very narrow strait. An uplift of 
250 fathoms would produce this result. The admixture of frag- 
ments of remains of Elephant and of marine animals with entire 
shells of terrestrial mollusks im the red earth, occurrmg in the 
fissures and hollows in various parts of Malta, the author attempts 
to explain by means of a “ wave of translation.” Geologists of the 
present day are very sceptical about such abnormal occurrences ; 
but very recently, for a few days, it seemed as if the fate of the 
Island of Tortola had proved them to be terrible realities, whose 
rarity was mercifully proportioned to their destructive power. 
A useful paper, by Mr. Tate, “On the Fossiliferous Develop- 
ment of the Zone of Ammonites angulatus in Great Britain,” 
contains an account of the conditions under which this zone occurs 
in Lincolnshire, Warwickshire, Gloucestershire, Glamorganshire, 
Dorsetshire, and in Ireland, and a complete list of the fossils (corals 
excepted) which have been found in it. Mr. Tate also swells the 
list of Mr. Tawney’s opponents, and discusses the relations and 
age of the Sutton Stone, taking exception also to Mr. Tawney’s 
determinations of some of the fossils. His conclusions are, that the 
Sutton Stone is a part of the Lower Lias, and that its fossils belong 
to the Hettangian fauna. He also states that he regards the 
Sutton Stone and the Southerdown beds to be, jointly, the equi- 
valents of the beds intermediate between the White Lias and the 
zone of Ammonites Bucklandt. 
Another paper by Mr. Tate, “On the Lower Lias of the North- 
east of Ireland,” and one by Mr. Burton, “On the Rhetie Beds 
near Gainsborough,” will be read with interest by those interested 
in the geology of the districts described in them. 
Dr. Duncan and Mr. Thomson have a paper on a new genus of 
corals (Cyclophyllum), which possesses a remarkably complex struc- 
ture, and presents many points of interest in a classificatory point 
of view. 
Dr. Dawson’s note on the discovery of a new Pulmonate Mol- 
lusk [Zonites (Conulus) priscus| in the coal-formation of Nova 
Scotia, presents a most interesting confirmation of his former dis- 
covery of land-shells in those Paleozoic strata. As the Pupa 
formerly described did not differ in any essential respect from the 
modern representatives of that genus, so in this case we have a 
shell which can be referred to a subgenus of Zonites (Conulus), 
which includes several recent species, Zonites itself being a sub- 
division of the group of genera commonly termed Helix. 
A paper on the Chemical Geology of the Malvern Hills, by 
