520 Meeting of the British Association. [ Oct., 
as to composition, nor had they much reference to surface configu- 
ration. Their distribution showed that the expanse of water was 
continuous and marine. This Drift formation covered the whole 
of Norfolk, and afforded evidence of submergence to the extent of 
600 feet and upwards. It might be accepted as certain that sub- 
aérial glaciation had long been at work prior to the submergence. 
The change of relative level was gradual, proceeded from north to 
south, and was greatest in the former direction. 
Several “ Reports” were laid before the Section. One of these 
was the “ Fourth on the Fossil Crustacea,” by Mr. H. Woodward, 
who stated that he had recently received from the Carboniferous 
shales of Carluke, specimens of a new form of crustacean allied to 
Cyclus, and that he had been enabled to add two new species of a 
family not hitherto known in a fossil state in Britain. They be- 
longed to the genus Callianassa, and were found, one in the Green- 
sand near Belfast, the other in the Eocene beds of Hempstead, in the 
Isle of Wight. 
Dr. Duncan’s “ First Report on British Fossil Corals” dealt 
with the relations of Fossil Corals to those now living. It was fol- 
lowed by a paper, from the same author, on a new species of coral 
belonging to the genus Clistophyllum, from the Scotch Coal-field. 
A paper by Mr. Lobley “On the Range and Distribution of 
the British Fossil Brachispoda,” showed, by the aid of diagrammatic 
tables, the number of species belonging to each genus and family, as 
well as to the class, found in the different systems of rock-forma- 
tions and their principal divisions. 
Dr. Otto Torell, of Lund, in Sweden, in illustration of his very 
important paper “On some New Fossils from the Longmynd Rocks 
of Sweden,” exhibited a series of slabs marked by the impressions of 
various land plants, known to geologists as Chondrites, 'The rocks 
from which they were taken were of an age similar to those of the 
Longmynd rocks of Britain, and the author held that they had been 
deposited in shallow water. Sir C. Lyell said he looked on the 
specimens with the greatest interest as remains of the earliest land 
plants yet known, and he confirmed the author’s determination of 
the age of the deposit. Mr. Carruthers stated that the only vege- 
table markings which had hitherto been found in Silurian rocks 
were produced by plants occupying the lowest position in the vege- 
table kingdom ; but here, much lower geologically, were plants of a 
very much higher grade. They had all the characters of true 
monocotyledons, and very nearly resembled the common flag of the 
garden and.river. 
Mr. H. Hicks, in a paper “On Recent Discoveries of Fossils in 
Cambrian Rocks,” stated that he had found in Lower Cambrian 
