1868. | Geology. 525 
a floor of stalagmite overlying a thick detrital accumulation, both 
of them older than those previously found: thus, in one branch of 
the cave there were in the same vertical section: first, or upper- 
most, the thick floor of stalagmite, which had been followed in 
unbroken continuity from the external entrances, and had yielded 
remains of extinct animals; second, the common red earth, replete 
with remnants of the ordinary extinct cave fauna, and containing 
flint implements ; third, an older floor of stalagmite, very thick and 
crystalline; and, fourth, or lowest known, an extremely tough 
hard breccia, crowded with unbroken, ungnawed, unrolled bones, 
almost all of which were ursine, and lay together without reference 
to their anatomical relations. 
Mr. Pengelly, in a paper “On the Conditions of some of the 
Bones found in Kent’s Cavern,” described a series of experiments 
which, as he held, showed that the “spht bones” had not been 
divided by the speleean carnivores, or by exposure to the weather, 
but that they could have been, and indeed were, split by Pale- 
olithic man for the purpose of obtaining material for bone tools. 
In his paper “On New Discoveries connected with Quaternary 
Deposits,” Mr. C. Moore stated that he had found remains of 
mammals, extinct in this country, in Oolitic fissures, from the 
Cotswold to the lower part of Somersetshire. In a quarry near 
Frome, where the subject first caught his attention, the workmen 
had found, and unfortunately destroyed, a series of hut circles, said 
to have been unusually perfect, cut out of the solid rock, retaining 
indications of fire, and having steps connected with them. These, 
he believed, were older than the fissures, and carried back con- 
siderably the antiquity of man. 
The Rev. J. Brodie, in a communication “On Geological Changes 
that have taken place on the Coast of Britain in recent Times,” 
endeavoured to show that the last change of level in Scotland was 
an upheaval of about 30 feet, and was not more recent than a few 
centuries before the Christian era. 
Mr. Grove read a paper “On Artificial Rocking Stones,” in 
which, after describing the great rocking stones of Cornwall, he 
explained a set of ingenious experiments which he had made in 
order to show that the celebrated logans of the South-western 
Counties were purely natural. The results, which were exhibited, 
were examined with much interest. 
Interesting papers were read by Mr. Rose “On the Conchoidal 
Fracture of Flints, as seen in old Buildings in Norwich ;” Professor 
Tennant and Rey. C. Nicolay “On the Discovery of Diamonds in 
Cape Colony and Brazil;” and Mr. 8. Sharp “On a Remarkable 
Incrustation.” 
