574 Chronicles of Science. [ Oct., 
press, by Messrs. Appleby, Brothers, is likely to supply a want long 
felt, and will no doubt be fully appreciated, as soon as known, in 
all cotton-growing districts. 
7. GEOLOGY AND PALAONTOLOGY. 
(Including the Proceedings of the Geological Society.) 
Tue volume of the Palewontographical Society’s publication for 
1867 has been issued during the quarter. It contains portions of 
five memoirs, namely : (1) the first part of Mr. Binney’s monograph 
of the structure of Fossil Plants found in the Carboniferous strata, 
including a description of the genus Calamodendron, being the 
plant of which we have casts of the pith in the well-known Calamites. 
(2) The second part of the Liassic portion of Dr. Duncan’s sup- 
plement to the original monograph of the Fossil Corals, containing 
the conclusion of the description of Corals from the zones of Ammo- 
nites angulatus, A. planorbis, &c.; and descriptions of those from 
the Lower and Middle Lias. (8) The second instalment of Dr. 
Wright’s monograph of the Cretaceous Echmodermata, (4) The 
Cephalaspide of the Old Red Sandstone, by Mr. Lankester. And 
(5) another portion of the apparently interminable description of 
Felis spelxa, by Messrs. Boyd Dawkins and W. A. Sanford. 
Mr. Busk’s long-expected memoir on the Elephant remains of 
the Zebbug cavern, in the Island of Malta, has at length been 
published in the ‘Transactions of the Zoological Society.* The 
examination of these remains was commenced by the late Dr. 
Falconer, whose notes Mr. bBusk has included .n his memoir. 
Dr. Falconer had in conversations, and in speeches made at the 
meetings of the Geological Society, aroused great interest in this 
cave by stating that it had yielded abundant evidence of the pre- 
vious existence of a pigmy elephant on the Island of Malta, which 
he proposed to call Elephas Melitensis ; but, stranger still, Mr. Busk 
has discovered in the collection under description remains of a 
second and still smaller species, which he proposes to name H. Fal- 
conert. The former of these is computed to have been about 
4 ft. 3 in. to 4 ft. 6im. in height, and the latter not to have 
exceeded from 24 to 3 feet. When we remember that an average 
full-grown Indian or African elephant has a height of about 9 feet, 
the diminutive size of these fossil forms is something remarkable. 
An exhaustive account of the Volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands, 
with a history of their various eruptions, has just been published 
by Mr. W. T. Brigham in the Memoirs of the Boston Society of 
* Vol vi., part 5. 
