BOATS AND BOAT-BUILDING. 85 



above the bottom of the boat. The middle seat 

 may be fastened by hooks, so that it can be taken 

 out and replaced again at any time, if desired. 

 This seat is particularly useful when two persons 

 go together, when both may row, if two sets 

 of oarlock-seats are provided, and these should be 

 placed, for an ordinary person, eleven inches back 

 from the nearest edges of seats. 



Hand-holds are next in order ; these small 

 angular pieces should be of one-inch oak, 

 and fastened one at either end in the angles 

 formed by sides and stem and stern-post. 

 Two small angle-pieces should also be screwed in 

 at the back corners of bulkhead and sides, to 

 add to finish, and also to grasp when drawing 

 the boat upon shore. After receiving the wal- 

 ing — a semi-oval strip of hard wood half-inch thick 

 and one inch wide — around the outside upper 

 edges, as a protection against wear to the sides, 

 the boat is ready for its first coat of paint, 

 which should be of white-lead, mixed with raw 

 linseed-oil, and colored a light brownish drab by 

 the addition of burnt-umber and lampblack. No 

 artificial drier should be used, as it causes the 

 paint to scale and crack when exposed to the 

 action of water. 



