CHIEF MODIFICATIONS OF THE EPIDERMIS 17 



of the palmar and plantar surfaces of the Lemurs and Azara's 

 opossum or Didelfhys azarce. In the Great Galago and the Slow 

 Loris and Javan Loris they are less marked, papillary ridges 

 being largely predominant. But in the four Lemurs examined 

 nodules predominate largely on the digits, palmar and plantar 

 surfaces, and they vary greatly in size. The larger of the nodules 

 present fine papillary ridges, which can be seen with a lens, 

 running in an obHque direction across them. It may be noted 

 here, as will be seen later from another point of view, that 

 Lemur brunneus shows a greater proportion of nodules than 

 Lemur catta, and that this probably is associated with the 

 higher development of the latter species. The species coming 

 under this division are Didelphys azarce, Lemur brunneus. 

 Lemur catta. Lemur rufifrons. Lemur mungoz, Galago crassicaudata, 

 Nycticebus javanicus, Nycticebus tardigradus. 



D. — In certain forms a large portion of the digits, palmar 

 and plantar surfaces are covered with hair, from which the 

 digital, and palmar and plantar pads, and nails or claws, 

 project. This is familiar in the case of the Domesticated 

 Canidae and Domestic Cat. Among other of the species here 

 dealt with it appears in Mustela hibernica, Mustela vulgaris, 

 Gerbillus. 



The eleven Birds examined show one type only of epidermic 

 modification, though the degree of this varies greatly. In 

 all of these the plantar epidermis is coarsely corrugated without 

 being formed into any well-defined ridges, and is continuous 

 with the smoother scales which clothe the rest of the foot. 

 Among these eleven birds Aquila avdax shows the greatest 

 degree of projection of the epidermis, modified on the plantar 

 pad almost into rods Kke those of the Canidae. 



Apteryx mantelli, Rhea Americana, Ciconia alba, Lagopus, 

 Perdrix cinerea, Ardea egretta, Fulica atra, Corvus corax, Alcedo 

 ispida, Tinnunculus alaudarius, Falco subtutes are the species 

 here examined. 



