Descriptive List 189 



Three species, two of them represented each by two shghtly differing subspecies, 

 occur in this State. These differ in the points noted in the following key. All the 

 species are highly insectivorous, although living to some extent on berries in the 

 winter. In North Carolina they are usually known as "Sapsuckers," which is a 

 misnomer, as none of them partake of sap. 



KEY TO SPECIES 



1. Back banded transversely with black and white. Red-cockaded Woodpecker. 



1. Back black, striped longitudinally with white. See 2. 



2. Size larger, wing more tlian 4.2.5; outer tail-feathers white, not barred with black. See 3. 



2. Size smaller, wing less than 4.2.5; outer tail-feathers wliite witli black bars. See 4. 



3. Size larger, wing averaging about 4.75. Hairy Woodpecker. 



3. Size smaller, wing about 4.50. Southern Hairy Woodpecker. 



4. Size larger, wing about 3.75, underparts purer white. Downy Woodpecker. 



4. Size smaller, wing about 3.50, imderparts brownish white. Southern Downy Woodpecker. 



172. Dryobates villosus villosus (Linn.). Hairy Woodpecker. 



Description. — -Black above, wliite below; the back with a long white stripe, the wings with 

 many sm.all roundish white spots, the outer tail-feathers wholly white. Male with red on occiput. 

 L., 9.75; W., 4.75; T., 3.25. 



Range. — Eastern United States, mainly north of North Carolina. 



Range in North Carolina. — Resident on the higher mountains. 



Fig. 147. H.\iKy Woodpeckek. Fig. 148. Foot of H.airy 



Woodpecker. 



This, which is the common form of the Hairy Woodpecker in the Northern and 

 Middle States, is found in North Carolina only on the higher mountains. Cairns 

 recorded it as breeding on Craggy Mountain in Buncombe County. 



173. Dryobates villosus auduboni {Sioaim.). Southern Hairy Wood- 

 pecker. 



Description. — ^Similar to preceding, but somewhat smaller and darker. Extreme measure- 

 ments of 4.5 Raleigh .specimens: I;., S.25 to 9.12; W., 4.40 to 4.75; T., 2.50 to 3.12. 



Range. — Soutliern United States, from southern Virginia southward. 



Range in North Carolina. — -Whole State, except the higher mountains; resident throughout 

 the ye.ar. 



The Southern Hairy Woodpecker, which only differs slightly from the pre- 

 ceding, is the more southern form of the Hairy Woodpecket, and is not uncommon 

 throughout the State. It is mostly found in wooded lowgrounds, and is one of the 

 shyest of the woodpeckers. 



