320 APPENDIX. 
back and upper part of the breast, black ; abdomen 
white, darker towards the vent, where it is barred 
with undulating lines of dusky; flanks grey, closely 
barred with black; scapulars the same; primaries 
brownish-grey ; secondaries lighter; back greyish- 
brown, barred with fine lines of white; rump and 
upper tail coverts blackish-brown ; tail feathers 
greyish-brown, lighter at the base ; lower tail-coverts 
brownish-black, rather lighter than the upper ; length 
twenty inches; wing nine and ahalf. Female about 
two inches smaller, with the head, neck, breast, 
and general color of the upper parts brown; darker 
on the upper part of the head, lighter on the back ; 
bill, legs, and feet, similar to those of the male. 
This duck, as it is scarcely distinguishable from 
the canvas-back, and has mainly the same habits, is 
but little inferior to that incomparable bird. 
Broav-Bi11. 
Blue Bill, Scaup, Black Head, Raft Duck. 
Fuligula Marila, Linn. 
Specific Character—The head and neck all round, 
with the fore part of the breast and fore part of back, 
black ; the sides of the head and the sides and hind 
part of the neck dark green, reflecting purple ; length 
of bill, when measured along the gap, two inches and 
five-sixteenths; length of tarsi one inch and three- 
eighths ; length from the point of the bill to the end 
of the tail nineteen inches; wing eight inches and 
five-eighths; a broad white band crossing the secon- 
