CHAPTERVE 
GULLS AND TERNS. 
The Gull Family— Changes Great Skua—Richardson’s Skua 
of Plumage—Characteristics—  —Terns— Sandwich Tern— 
Great Black-backed Gull—Lesser Common Tern— Arctic Tern— 
Black -backed Gull— Herring Roseate Tern—Lesser Tern— 
Gull—Common Gull—Kittiwake Black Tern. 
—Black-headed Gull—Skuas— 
MONGST the many natural objects that 
confront the visitor to the sea, there are none 
more readily detected than birds. The wide waters 
of the ocean and its varied coast-line of cliff or sand, 
shingle or mud-flat, are the haunts of many birds 
of specialised type. Many of these birds are only 
found on or near the sea; they are as inseparably 
associated with it as the beautiful shells and sea- 
weeds and anemones themselves. Some of these 
birds are common and widely distributed; others 
are scarce or local in their habitat; some frequent 
the shore, others the water; whilst many are 
equally at home on both. Again, many of them 
are migratory, or of wandering habits; some but 
summer visitors, others winter refugees. It matters 
