viii CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER IV. 
DIVERS, GREBES, AND CORMORANTS. 
Divers—Affinities and Characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated 
Diver — Red-throated Diver — Grebes — Characteristics — Changes of 
Plumage — Great Crested Grebe — Red-necked Grebe — Black-necked 
Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics— 
Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet . Pages 151-184 
CHAPTER V. 
DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS. 
Ducks—Characteristics—Non-diving Ducks—Characteristics of—Changes of 
Plumage—Sheldrake—Wigeon—Pintail Duck—vVarious other Species— 
Diving Ducks—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Eider Duck— 
King Eider—Common Scoter—Velvet Scoter—Scaup Duck—Tufted 
Duck—Pochard—Golden-eye—Long-tailed Duck—Mergansers—Charac- 
teristics and changes of Plumage—Red-breasted Merganser—Goosander— 
Smew—Geese—Characteristics—Gray Lag Goose—White-fronted Goose 
—Bean Goose—Brent Goose—Bernacle Goose—Swans—Characteristics 
—Changes of Plumage—Hooper Swan—Bewick’s Swan . 185-240 
CHAPTER VI. 
PETRELS. 
Petrels—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Fulmar Petrel—Fork-tailed 
Petrel—Stormy Petrel—Manx Shearwater : : ; 241-258 
CHAPTER VII. 
LITTORAL LAND BIRDS. 
Littoral Land Birds—White-tailed Eagle—Peregrine Falcon—Raven—Jack- 
daw—Hooded Crow—Chough—Rock Pipit—Martins—Rock Dove— 
Stock Dove—Heron—Various other Species - : : 259-278 
