LIST AND DESCRIPTION alaly/ 
583. LiNcoLn’s SpaRRow (Melospiza lincolni lincolni.) 
A small Sparrow rather dark colored, profusely striped, 
with a brownish area on the breast. It loves to run about on the 
ground, going in and out of brush piles. A migrant. 
585. Fox Sparrow (Passerella iliaca iliaca.) 
A somewhat irregular migrant in the eastern part of the 
State and larger than most of our Sparrows. 
Above, gray and brown; below, profusely marked with 
reddish brown spots; tail reddish brown. 
587. TowHeEE (Pipilo erythrophthalmus erythrophthalmus.) 
“CHEWINK.” 
This splendid bird of the underbrush is a little larger than 
an Oriole. The male has black head and back, chestnut sides, 
and white belly. Three outer tail feathers also are white. It is 
named for its song, “to-hee-ee-ee,” uttered with a distinct pause 
after “to,” almost as though the song came from two birds. 
Chewinks are found only in the eastern part of the State. They 
are often seen scratching up leaves under bushes liké barnyard 
hens. Summer residents. 
588. Arctic TowHeE (Pipilo maculatus arcticus.) 
Abundant in migration over the State and probably breeds 
west of the Missouri River. Larger than the preceding. More 
white on wings but only one third of outer tail feathers white. 
Habits same as No, 587. 
593. CarRDINAL (Cardinalis cardinalis cardinalis.) 
The Cardinal is nearly as large as the Blue Jay. The 
male is flaming red but for the black throat and forehead. Fe- 
male, dull brownish red. Both have crest feathers. The Gros- 
beaks all have massive bills for the crushing of seeds. South 
Dakota is at the northern limit of their range, but several pairs 
are now annual residents in the timbered area of Union and Clay 
counties. 
595. Rosk-BREASTED GROSBEAK (Zamelodia ludoviciana.) 
The male is black and white, with V-shaped rose colored 
breast. The female is as homely as the male is beautiful. Her 
