76 
tarsus; nostrils more or less concealed by one or two tufts of for- 
wardly. directed ‘plumules; winter‘birds\.te-4: Caen ee (3) 
1. Bill also shallower, but nostrils exposed, or at least without distinct 
tufts of plumules; mostly summer birds. BR ee icp S225) 
2. Bill shorter and stouter, the culmen geneielly iden 4 inch; 
male with yellow stripe on forehead broader, generally over 
Aunch; female. grayer below: - 022 oT. at Evening Grosbeak. 
2. Bill longer and narrower; culmen generally over # inch; 
male with the forehead stripe generally under { inch, fe- 
male more buffy below............. Western Evening Grosbeak. 
3. Tips of bill distinctly crossed (4)—not crossed. are . (6) 
4. Wings black with two distinct white ae vie aa eed Crosstill. 
4. Wings dusky, not barred. eA ae Ps ie eGo) 
5. Smaller, wing of male about 34 ‘ones aud ee dindees 2 inch, saree 
duller. . RE Perea SERN Rea Ee .Red Crossbill. 
5. Larger, wing of oat ae 32 aoe aia salmon over 3 tren colors 
brighter: cio» 20 ana Wesican Crossbill. 
6. Bill very short ‘anal éhick. ane cuiltsoen ee eed size very 
large, the tail over 34 inches long....... Meet gre diate ns Trea) 
6. Bill conical, the culmen but ce Cale ee smaller, the 
tail less than 34 inches long....... SAS S00 ee eS) 
~I 
. Bill shorter and thicker; the eulmeat in pale Aheue a inch, and 
dusky centers to back feathers more pronounced, the breast and 
sides more uniformly and extensively red............Pine Grosbeak. 
. Bill longer and narrower; culmen in male somewhat over = inch, 
the dusky centers to back feathers nearly obsolete, the under 
parts less pare ae red, more or less broken even on the breast 
.Mountain Pine Grosbeak. 
8. acer Falta, eye ayes ae. pure ooh gray; general color chest- 
nut and rosy. Pee ae ee ea eae oe 9) 
8. Crown not ash gray...... Ri er ened (a LK) 
9. Gray of crown not Eee oe on aes of ig fee eyes. 
RY Side . Gray- “crowned Leacosticte. 
9. ag ae crown spreading over more or less it aides of head below eyes 
. Hepburn Leucosticte. 
ier S ieee some eee on rd, anes pele or in part (11)— 
“J 
Withoutvariy: Ped). 95 Se ha ey ae ee ee ee (16) 
11. Chin blackish (12)—not blackish.......... (Rete e eae ara GIL) 
12. Under tail-coverts and rump nainealede nee feathers bor- 
dered.iwath-Hoary.c2 sci yee ate EEE ares Hoary Redpoll. 
12. Under tail-coverts and rump streaked; back feathers bor- 
dered with brownish....... Ae (13) 
13. Larger (wing about 34 long) with fen ier “pit eau ah eset over oe 
inch); back darker and sides more heavily streaked .Greater Redpoll. 
13. Smaller (wing 2? to 3long) with slenderer bill (under } inch); back 
paler, sides less streaked. 3 Shes eee ae ..Redpoll. 
14. Whole crown red; wing rents saben ate rodiate: Boe evel (lay) 
