316 THE COMPLETE WILDFOWLER 
SCAUP DUCK 
Fuligula marila (Linneus) 
The Scaup is a common visitor to these shores in the 
winter, when it arrives in large numbers. It breeds in the 
far north of Europe. It feeds on molluscs, crustacea, and 
small fish, which are plentiful on our low, flat, alluvial 
shores, and goes about in large flocks. Although obtaining 
much of its food by diving, it is also fond of feeding on 
the soft ooze left bare by the receding tide. The note is a 
harsh ‘‘scaup.”’ 
It is only during the last two or three years that it has 
been proved beyond doubt to nest in a particular district in 
Scotland, where it is strictly preserved. 
The male has the whole of the head, neck, breast, and 
upper parts black, the mantle being thickly vermiculated 
with white. Under parts white ; bill greyish blue ; eyes pale 
yellow; legs bluish. The female has those parts which are 
black in the male dull brown, and the vermiculations on the 
back are whitish and very scanty. There is a white band 
round the base of the bill. The young resemble the female, 
but the feathers round the base of the bill show much less 
white. Immature drakes do not acquire their full plumage 
for two or three years. Length from 17 to 1g in.; wing 8°5 in. 
GOLDEN-EYE DUCK 
Clangula glauczon (Linneus) 
Inhabiting Northern Europe, this species as a rule arrives 
here in October, and may be found occasionally on inland 
rivers and lakes, as well as in estuaries, becoming more 
numerous in the north. 
It feeds and lives in much the same way as the Scaup 
Duck, but its nest is placed in holes of trees at some dis- 
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