14 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
ISABELIMNE CHAT. 
Saxicola isabellina iif. 
Adult Male: <Adove sandy-brown ; lower rump and 
upper tail-coverts white ; wings dull brown, with paler mar- 
gins; tail-feathers white at bases, central pair two-thirds, and 
outer ones half brownish-b/ack, with very narrow pale margins 
and tips; superciliary-stripe whitish ; ¢2voat and under parts 
white, washed, especially on breast and flanks, with isabelline ; 
under surface of wing white ; bill, legs, and feet black ; irides 
brown. Length 6 to 6°25 inches; culmen 0°5; wing 3°75 ; 
tail 2°35 5 tarsus 1°3. 
Adult Female: Resembles male, but is somewhat duller. 
Young in first plumage: Pale obscure transverse ter- 
minal bars, and pale centres to most of upper and under 
feathers ; under wing-coverts white. 
Distribution: Southern Russia, Asia Minor, Palestine 
and Egypt, wintering in Palestine, Egypt, Nubia, and Abys- 
sinia. 
Habitat : Similar to that of S. aurita. 
EASTERN PIED CHAT. 
Saxicola leucomela Fa//. 
Adults (Summer): Cvowz and nape dirty grey ; rump, 
upper tail-coverts, and under parts below chest white, inclining 
to buff at vent ; plumage otherwise, including under surface of 
wing, diack. \uength 6 inches; culmen’ .0*55 wing 345 
tarsus o’9. In females the fore parts above and beneath are 
washed with brown. 
Adults (Winter): Most of feathers both above and 
beneath have brown margins. : 
Young in first plumage: Quills and tail-feathers have 
broad pale edges and dark terminal bars, with pale centres to 
back and breast feathers. 
Young in Autumn: Brownish margins of wing and tail- 
feathers broader, otherwise very like adults in winter. 
Distribution: Southern Russia, Gaucasus, Cyprus, and 
Central Asia, wintering in Arabia and Abyssinia. 
Habitat: Dry, stony localities. 
